| A | B |
| Delta | an area where sand, silt, clay, or gravel is dropped at the mouth of a river |
| Wadi | a dry river bed that fills with water when rare rains fall in a desert |
| Erg | a large area of sand |
| Nomad | a person who lives by moving from place to place |
| Phosphate | a chemical salt used to make fertilizer |
| Aquifer | Water stored between layers of rock |
| Convert | to change from one religion to another |
| Caliph | Islamic religious and political leader |
| Regime | harsh rule |
| Fundamentalist | a person who believes in the strict interpretation of religious laws |
| Civil War | a fight between opposing groups for control of a country's government |
| Souk | a large open-air market |
| Fellaheen | peasant farmers of Egypt who rent small plots of land |
| Couscous | a small, round grain used in North African and SWA cooking |
| Diversified | increased variety to achieve a balance |
| Constitution | a document setting forth the structure and powers of a government and the rights of people in a country |