| A | B |
|---|
| mountain man | fur trapper or explorer who opened up the West by finding the best trails through the Rocky Mountains |
| Oregon Trail | trail that ran westward from Independence, Missouri, to the Oregon Territory |
| Stephen Austin | founded a colony in Texas |
| Tejano | people of Spanish heritage |
| Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna | President of Mexico |
| Sam Houston | command the Texas army |
| Battle of the Alamo | in 1836, Texans defended a church called the Alamo against the Mexican army; all but five Texans were killed |
| Lone Star Republic | nickname of the republic of Texas, given in 1836 |
| James K. Polk | president of US during the War with Mexico |
| manifest destiny | belief that the US was destined to expand across the continent from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean |
| Bear Flag Revolt | 1846 rebellion by Americans against Mexican rule in California |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | 1848 treaty ending the US war with Mexico; Mexico ceded nearly one-half of its land to the US |
| Mexican Cession | vast region given up by Mexico after the War with Mexico |
| forty-niner | person who went to California to find gold, starting in 1849 |
| Californio | settlers of Spanish or Mexican descent in California |
| John Sutter | Swiss immigrant that own land in California |
| James Marshall | discover gold at Sutter's mill in California |
| California gold rush | 1849,large numbers of people moved to California because gold had been discovered there. |
| Treaty | Agreement between countries |
| Purchase | When America paid $$ for land |
| Military Force | War |
