| A | B |
|---|
| population | a group of organisms of the same species living together in a given area |
| gene pool | the alleles for every gene present in a population at any one time |
| allele frequency | the frequency with which a particular allele of a gene is found in a population |
| Darwin | spent five years on the HMS Beagle studying variation and adaptation |
| natural selection | the process by which organisms with favorable variations survive and produce more offspring than individuals without the useful variation, and overtime will lead to an adapatation |
| aquired trait | a trait that is obtained due to environmental conditions during a life |
| genetic trait | a trait that is passed on to offspring; a result of genes encoded in the DNA of organisms |
| differential reproductive success | the production of more offspring by individuals with a certain variation than by other individuals in a population |
| group behaviors | adaptations within a population in which multiple animals cooperate and thereby increase the differential reproductive success of the group as a whole |
| speciation | the creation of new species |
| artificial selection | the selective breeding of organisms in order to increase the frequency of favorable traits |
| gene flow | the transfer of alleles from one population to another |
| genetic drift | the process by which changes in allele frequencies occur as a result of random events |
| mutation | a mistake in the replication of DNA that introduce new variations into a gene pool |
| convergent evolution | the evolution of similar traits in different species |
| divergent evolution | the evolution of new species from a common ancestor |
| coevolution | the evolution that occurs in one species as a direct result of evolution in another species |
| recombination by crossing over | creates new combinations of chromosomes in a gamete that increases variation in offspring |
| sexual reproduction | male and female gametes randomly fuse to create an individual with unique traits |
