| A | B |
|---|
| Geography | The study of the earth and its features and of the distribution of life on the earth, including human life and the effects of human activity. |
| History | A chronological record of events, as of the life or development of a people or institution, often including an explanation of or commentary on those events |
| Societies | A group of humans broadly distinguished from other groups by mutual interests, participation in characteristic relationships, shared institutions, and a common culture |
| Econominic | Of or relating to the production, development, and management of material wealth, as of a country, household, or business enterprise. |
| Scarcity | Insufficiency of amount or supply; shortage |
| supply/demand | the amount of a product that people will buy at any particular price |
| opportunity cost | - |
| interdependence | - |
| Politics | The art or science of government or governing, especially the governing of a political entity, such as a nation, and the administration and control of its internal and external affairs |
| citizenship | equal rights and privileges to citizens |
| Culture | The totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thought |
| Hammurabi's Code | - |
| 12 Tables of Law | - |
| Justinians Code | The legal code of ancient Rome; codified under Justinian; the basis for many modern systems of civil law |
| Magna Carta | The charter of English political and civil liberties granted by King John at Runnymede in June 1215 |
| English Bill of Rights | - |
| Hinduism | A diverse body of religion, philosophy, and cultural practice native to and predominant in India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being of many forms and natures, by the view that opposing theories are aspects of one eternal truth, and by a desire for liberation from earthly evils. |
| Caste System | A social structure in which classes are determined by heredity |
| Buddhism | The teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct, wisdom, and meditation releases one from desire, suffering, and rebirth. |
| Taoism | A principal philosophy and system of religion of China based on the teachings of Lao-tzu in the sixth century B.C. and on subsequent revelations. It advocates preserving and restoring the Tao in the body and the cosmos. |
| Islam | A monotheistic religion characterized by the acceptance of the doctrine of submission to God and to Muhammad as the chief and last prophet of God. |
| Mohammed | Arab prophet of Islam. At the age of 40 he began to preach as God's prophet of the true religion. Muhammad established a theocratic state at Medina after 622 and began to convert Arabia to Islam. |
| 5 Pillars | - |
| Animism | The belief in the existence of individual spirits that inhabit natural objects and phenomena. |
| Hellenstoe Society | - |
| Confusianism | the teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for humanity; high value given to learning and to devotion to family (including ancestors); peace; justice; influenced the traditional culture of China |
| Feudalism | A political and economic system of Europe from the 9th to about the 15th century, based on the holding of all land in fief or fee and the resulting relation of lord to vassal and characterized by homage, legal and military service of tenants, and forfeiture. |
| Bushida | - |
| Silk Road | An ancient trade route between China and the Mediterranean Sea extending some 6,440 km (4,000 mi) and linking China with the Roman Empire. Marco Polo followed the route on his journey to Cathay. |
| Eneamiend System | - |
| Crusades | often Crusade Any of the military expeditions undertaken by European Christians in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims |
| Protestant Reformation | - |
| Renaissance | The humanistic revival of classical art, architecture, literature, and learning that originated in Italy in the 14th century and later spread throughout Europe. |
| Monotheism | The belief that there is only one God. |
| Neolithic Revolution | - |
| Topography | Detailed, precise description of a place or region. |
| Republic | A political order whose head of state is not a monarch and in modern times is usually a president. |
| Direct Democracy | - |
| Mandate of Heaven | - |
| Mongol Empire | - |
| Mali | A country of western Africa. The site of several powerful states, including the Mali (flourished 14th century) and the Songhai (flourished 15th-16th century), Mali became part of French West Africa in the 19th century and achieved independence in 1960. Bamako is the capital and the largest city. Population: 10,462,000. |
| Sunghaippi | - |
| Musa Musa | - |
| Machiavelli | Italian political theorist whose book The Prince (1513) describes the achievement and maintenance of power by a determined ruler indifferent to moral considerations. |
| Akbar the Great | Mogul emperor of India (1556-1605) who conquered most of northern India and exercised religious tolerance. |
| Peter the Great | - |
| Absolutism | A political theory holding that all power should be vested in one ruler or other authority. |
| Nationalism | Devotion to the interests or culture of one's nation. |
| Diversity | The fact or quality of being diverse; difference. |
| Subsistence Farming | farming that provides for the basic needs of the farmer without surpluses for marketing |
| Limited Monarchy | - |
| Absolute Monarchy | - |
| Polytheism | The belief that there is more than one God. |
| Theocracy | A government ruled by or subject to religious authority. |
| Subcontinent | A large landmass, such as India, that is part of a continent but is considered either geographically or politically as an independent entity. |
