| A | B |
|---|
| biosphere | parts of planet where life exists |
| species | can breed and produce fertile offspring |
| population | group including all the same species |
| community | living things in a defined area |
| ecosystem | living and nonliving thingsl in a defined area |
| biome | ecosystems with the same climate and similar dominant communities |
| autotroph | makes its own food |
| heterotroph | gets food from other organisms |
| photosynthesis | using radiant energy to make food |
| chemosynthesis | using inorganic chemicals to make carbohydrates (food) |
| herbivore | eats only plants |
| carnivore | eats only animals |
| omnivore | eats plants and animals |
| detritivore | feed on animal remains and dead matter |
| decomposer | breaks down organic matter |
| food chain | steps showing transfer of energy by eating and being eaten |
| food web | all the interconnected food chains in an ecosystem |
| trophic level | each step in a food chain or web |
| energy pyramid | shows energy available at different trophic levels |
| biomass pyramid | shows amount of living tissue at each trophic level |
| niche | role of an organism in an ecosystem |
| 10% | amount of energy passed from one trophic level to the next |
| predator | captures, kills and consumes another organism |
| prey | the organism eaten by the predator |
| mutualism | both organisms benefit from their association |
| commensalism | one organism benefits, the other is not affected |
| parasitism | one organism benefits, the other is harmed |
| competition | two or more organisms want (and fight for) the same resource (like water) |
| biodiversity | the variety of different organisms on Earth |
| exponential growth | individuals reproduce at a constant rate producing a j-shaped curve |
