| A | B |
|---|
| Janizaries | the elite military force of the Ottoman army |
| shah | Safavid title for king |
| millets | Ottoman term for religious communities |
| gunpowder empires | “Mughal Ottoman and Safavid empires during the period from about 1450 to 1650 are sometimes called this because of the military technology of the time” |
| Mughal | Persian for Mongol |
| Sikhism | a religion blended from Hinduism and Islam |
| sultanate | land ruled by a sultan |
| Ottoman Empire | empire established by Turkish nomadic peoples from Central Asia after conquering Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire |
| Suleiman | Ottoman sultan who ruled during the golden age of the Ottoman Empire from 1520-1560 |
| Safavid Empire | empire established by the dynasty that united Persia into what would become Iran |
| Abbas the Great | an outstanding Safavid shah who attempted to revive the glory of ancient Persia from 1588 to 1629 |
| Akbar the Great | emperor of Mughal empire from 1556 to 1605 he is best known for policy of toleration |
| Taj Mahal | stunning tomb built by Shah Jahan to honor his wife |
