| A | B |
|---|
| Byzantine | Eastern Rome becomes this empire…doesn’t fall until 1453 |
| Justianian | Byzantine ruler –expanded empire, Hagia Sophia, co-empress, Nika Revolt |
| Eastern Orthodox | Christianity of the East- patriarch is leader under the ruler |
| Bubonic Plague | disease that spreads from the East –Justinian |
| Nika Rebellion | Riot over laws that Justinian that were conservative |
| Muhammad | prophet of Islam –empire |
| Mecca | Kaaba –holy city in Islam Medina-is where the prophet escaped –hijra |
| Kaaba | temple built by Abraham to worship God -1st in the world (hajj) |
| Rightly guided caliphs | successors to Muhammad –knew prophet |
| Quran | Holy book of Islam |
| Sunni | believe that any good Muslim can be the leader |
| Shiite | believe that those related to the prophet through Ali should be leaders |
| Umayyad Empire | Islamic empire that ruled from 661-750 from Spain to India |
| Abbasid Empire | 750-1258 –Islamic Empire [overthrew Umayyads] [overthrown the Mongols] |
| Crusades | 1096-1291 Europe vs. Middle East over control of the Holy Lands and access to wealth |
| Mongols | awesome nomads who sweep through and take control of ASIA 1200s-Chinggis Khan |
| Mamluks | Rulers of Egypt- former slave army – stopped the Mongols |
| Ain Jalut | 1261 stopped Mongols |
| Franks | Germanic peoples who rise to power in Europe after the fall of Rome 55. Clovis –Frankish King –becomes a Christian (496) |
| Charlemagne | Frankish king (800) earns title Roman Emperor for helping the pope –Holy Roman Empire |
| Martin Luther | started Protestantism |
| Protestant Reformation | split with the Catholic or Western Church |
| Renaissance | Cultural rebirth of Europe: secularism, humanism, and individuality |
| Chinggis Khan | leader of the Mongols who expanded their empire- 1206 khagan |
| Khanate | kingdoms-Mongols divided the empire up after the death of Chinggis: Golden Horde [Russia], Ilkhanate [Middle East], Chagatai [Middle East], Yuan [Chinese dynasty] |
| Marco Polo | Venice travels on the Silk Road to China-writes about it. |
| Kublia Khan | Mongolian leader who takes control China-Yuan dynasty 1279-1368 |
| Muaryan Empire | Ancient Indian empire-centralized-Ashoka converted to Buddhism became non-violent |
| Gupta Empire | Ancient Indian empire-decentralized-golden age-fell to the Huns. |
| caste system | India-social hierarchy |
| Delhi Sultanate | Muslim empire in northern India (1206) |
| Mughal Dynasty | 1500-1800s –Muslim empire that rose most of India. |
| Akbar | Mughal emperor who united Muslims and Hindus with his tolerant policies |
| Tang dynasty | China (618-906) trade: flying money/ paper. Xuanzong –rebellion against led An Lushan |
| Song/ Southern Song | 1115 Jin took control of northern China |
| Neo-Confucian movement | Song dynasty-conservative ideas –foot binding |
| Footbinding | making your foot very small |
| Shintoism | religion Japan |
| Taika reforms | Japan-government accepts Chinese ideas (son heaven) |
| Tale of Genji | 1st novel in history from Japan –Cassanova |
| Feudalism | political system that is decentralized and power rests with those that have the most land. (Japan and Western Europe) |
| shogun | military leaders of Japan |
| Ghana | West Africa –gold/ salt roads |
| Gold-salt roads | trade route in West Africa (gold for salt) |
| Mali | Western kingdom Sundiata- king |
| Mansa Musa | 1324 hajj- king of Mali-revolutionized what the world knew about West Africa |
| Ibn Battuta | African traveler |
| Great Zimbabwe | structure that was built by the Shona speaking people |
| Swahili | East coast Africa |
| King Lalibela | Ethiopia –churches |
| Jesus | Christianity |
| Siddhartha Guatama | Buddhism |
| An Lushan Rebellion | against Tang government |
| Humanism | Renaissance: going back to the classical models of Greece and Rome |
| Gutenberg | printing in Europe |
| Indulgence | pardon for a sin –Protestant Reformation |
| Henry VIII | English king who needed a divorce so he changed the religion of his country to Protestantism |
| Inquisition | church weeding out heretical beliefs –worst –witches (arrested, tortured, punished) |
| Scientific Revolution | new breakthroughs in science –printing –that changed the world |
