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Chapter 13 Vocabulary

AB
DNAthe genetic material
RNAa single strand copy of DNA
proteina bio-molecule composed of amino acids
DNA replicationa process that copies DNA
transcriptiona process that makes a single stranded RNA from the DNA
translationa process that converts RNA into protein
mRNAthis RNA is converted into protein
tRNAthis RNA bring amino acids to the RNA template
rRNAthis RNA is part of the ribosome
ribosomethis is the site of protein synthesis
DNa polymerasethe enzyme copies the DNA
RNA primasethis enzyme lays down a short RNA primer furing DNA replication
DNA ligasethis enzyme seals the gaps in the sugar phosphate backbone that are on the lagging strand
helicasethis enzyme unwinds the DNA
codonthis is a triplet nucleotide sequence in DNA
nucleotidethis is the building block of nucleic acids
amino acidsthese are the building blocks of proteins
monomerthis is the repeating unit of a polymer
polymerthis is a long molecule made up of repeating units
nucleic acidthis is a general term that includes DNA and RNA
anticodonthis is the triplet of nucleotides found in the tRNA
genetic codethis is a collection of codons used when translating a RNA
start codonthis is the first codon in a protein; it is usually AUG
stop codonthis is the codon that terminates the protein
peptide bondthis is a bond that connects amino acids together in a protein
promoterthis is the site that starts transcription
terminatorthis is the site that stops transcription
RNA polymerasethis is the enzyme that converts DNA into RNA
Griffithsis the scientist that determined the strptococcus bacteria contained a transforming factor
Avery, MacLeod, McCartythese are the scientists that confirmed that DNA was the transforming material
Hershey and Chasethese scientists confirmed that DNA is the genetic material
Watson and Crickthese scientists received the Nobel prize for determining DNA structure
Wilkins and Franklinthese scientists were studying DNA using x-rays
lagging strandthis is the strand synthesized in short pieces
leading strandthis strand is copied in one continuous piece
replication forkthis structure is formed after the helicase unwinds the DNA
Okazaki fragmentthese are short pieces of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand


Biology Teacher
St. Marys Area High School
St. Marys, PA

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