| A | B |
|---|
| North | Plateau bordered on the East and North by the mountains |
| South | Flat plain |
| First Settlement | Around 7000 B.B, grew whear and barley, population grows and villages form, first civilizations begin |
| Complex Division of Labor | Cause when they produce food surplus |
| Mesopotamia | Land between 2 rivers, lies between the Persion Gulf and Asia Minor, in the Fertile Crecent, in present-day Iraq |
| Tigris and Euphrates River | Between what 2 rivers is Mesopotamia located? |
| Fertile Crecent | Arc or rich farmland from Persian Gulf curves Southwest along the Meiterranean Sea into Syria and Palestine |
| Silt | Yearly floods leave what that is good for farming? |
| God | Summerians believed that who chose the King? |
| Cuneiform | Wedged shaped writing of the Ancient Summerians |
| Stylus | Early summerians wrote with what insturment? |
| Scribes | What is the title given to Writers that kept records in Summer? |
| Lower Class | Farmers and laborers were member of which class of Summerian Society? |
| Lowest Class | Slaves (orisoners of war, punishment for crime,payment of debt) not for life were members of which class in Summerian Society? |
| Men | What group in Summerian society had Political power and were educated? |
| Women | Group responsibe for Care of home/ children, some upper class ones were educated, they could own property, priestesses, scribes, and doctors |
| Iron and Chariots | What type of weapons were used by Hittites and Assyrians |
| Assyrians | Nineveh- captital city of which group |
| Chaldeans | Ancient group that rebuilt Babylon, used Sumerian language, religion |
| Nebuchadnezzar | BThe king that built the hanging gardens of Babylon, king of Chaldeans |
| Hammurabi | Made law code, made tax system, greatest Babylon ruler |
| Code of Hammurabi | Legal system 282 laws- explained laws and set standard punishments within social classes, 1st written law code |
| Hittites | Group that live in Asia Minor, modern-day Turkey, mastered iron working, chariot, capture Babylon |
| Chariot | A wheeled horse draw cart |
| Ancient Sumerians | Divided circle in 360, year with 12 months, area of rectangle and trianglewere math accomplishments of wht group |
| Ziggurat | 7 story temple with shrine on top built to honor gods |
| Pictographs | Picture symbols |
| Epic Poetry | long poems that told a story, gilgamesh |
| Sumer | 1st civilization |
| City-State | city and the land that surrounded it |
| Because each city-state wanted to have enough to grow food | Why did ancient civilizations fight over farmland? |
| Jerico | city with thick walls for protection |
| Monarchy/ Aristocracy | Type of government whee a king or Queen rule |
| Built levies and dikes | what two things did early civilizations do because they had too much water due to floods? |
| 3000 to 4000 years ago | When did the first cities began? |
| Irrigation, built ditches and dug canals | What three things did early people do because they had too little water? |
| Urban | Areas located in cities are referred to as whatkind of areas? |
| Phonecian | Early people that developed the alphabet |
| Alphabet | Set of letters that can be combinded to form words is called what? |
| Irrigation | A way of supplying water to the land? |
| Rural | Areas located in the countryside are reffered to as what type of area? |
| Social Hierarchy | Division of a society by class or rank |
| Sargon | The first person to rule an empire in Mesopotamia |
| Between two rivers soit had constant water supply,yearly floods made the land constantly fertile | Why was Mesopotamia location Ideal? |
| polytheism | Belief in Many Gods |
| Ur | The first major Summerian City State |
| Pillars | What marked the boundry of a city state, if it was knocked over by opponets it ment that the city states were at war? |
