| A | B |
|---|
| what were some signs of economic weakness in the late 1920s? | older industries, such as coal mining, railroads and clothing manufacture were in deline |
| What happened to the prices for industrial stocks between May 1928 and September 1929? | the prices doubled |
| What happened on Wednesday, October 23, 1929? | 6 million shares of stock changed hands. |
| What is October 29, 1929 called? | Black Tuesday - the stock market crumbled completely |
| What happened 2 weeks after October 29, 1929? | stock prices continued to plunge |
| overproduction | a situation in which the supply of manufactured goods exceeds the demand |
| bankruptcy | financial failure cuased by a companys inability to pay its debts |
| default | failure to repay their loans |
| The Great Depression spread ___________. | worldwide |
| With people unable to buy what factories were producing, many workers _________ their jobs. | lost |
| A nationwide ________ crisis also contributed to the Drepression. | banking |
| When _______ failed, many banks that had loaned farmers money also went out of business. | farms |
| between 1929 and 1933, the unemployment rate skyrocketed from 3 % to _________ %. | 25 |
| Nationwide, in the U.S. ________ million people were unemployed. | 13 |
| People who were lucky enough to have jobs saw their _________ cut back and their salaries slashed. | hours |
| The makeshift shacks were called ____________. | Hoovervilles |
| Newspapers were used for sleeping and were called ______________ blankets. | Hoover |
| For children, the Depression brought both hardship and a sense of __________. | uncertainty |
| President Hoover though that ___________ leaders and local governemnts should take the lead, not the federal government in solving the Depression. | business |
| bonus | extra payment |
| In 1924, Congress passed a law approving a bonus be paid for every Veteran of WWI, but Hoover __________ to pay it. | refused |
| ___________ veterans marched on Washington, D.C. | 20,000 |
| _______________ ran against Herbert Hoover in the Presidential election in 1932. | Franklin Delano Roosevelt |
| Franklin Delano Roosevelt | FDR |
| FDR was a weathy New Yorker and cousin of ____________. | Teddy Roosevelt |
| FDR was stricken with ___________ in 1921. | polio |
| polio ___________ FDR's legs. | paralyzed |
| Roosevelt introduced ___________ programs to help bring America oout of the Depression. | New Deal |
| fireside chats | a radio talk that FDR made |
| Emergency Banking Relief Act | a bank holiday that FDR made, closing all banks for 4 days to halt the nationwide epidemic of bank failures |
| FDR's advisors were called his _____________. | brain trust (they were mostly college professors) |
| New Deal had 3 goals: | 1. relief for the jobless 2. economic recovery 3. reforms to prevent future depressions |
| the Federal Emergency Relief Administration | FERA - granted funds to states so they could reopen shuttered relief agencies |
| Civillian Conservation Corps (CCC) | program to employ jobless adults; it hired city dwellers to work in the national parks, forests, etc. |
| Works Progress Administration (WPA) | this program put people to work building or repairing public building, such as shcools, post offices and government offices; they paved 650,000 miles of roads and built more than 75,000 bridges |
| National Recovery Administration (NRA) | this agency aimed to keep prices stable while boosting employment and buying power; it failed to improve the economy |
| Public works Administration (PWA) | this agency was granted more than $3 billion to build large public-works projects such as the Lincoln Tunnel in New York City, Florida's Key West HIghway and the Grand Coulee Dam in Washington. |
| Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) | started in 1933, this agency built giant dams along the Tennessee River and provided chap electricity to poor rural areas and increased jobs |
| Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) | created in 1933, it guaranteed individual deposits up to $2,500.00 |
| Both the FDIC and ______________ (FDA) are agencies of the federal government that are still in existance today. | Food and Drug Administration |
| In 1935 and 1936, the _____________ declared several New Deal measure to be unconstitutional. | Supreme Court |
| Huey Long | a Democratic senator from Louisiana that argued that the government could end the Depression immediately if the wealthy were taxed. |
| Francis Townsend | he called for a system of government pensions or retirements payments for retired Americans over the age of 60 to receive $200 each month |
| Father Charles Couglin | he was a Catholic priest from Michigan who wanted the federal government to take over banks |
| By the end of the Depression, more women were working __________ the home than at the start of the Depressions | outside |
| Eleanor Roosevelt | FDR's wife who overcame shyness and traveled all over the U.S. finding out what was happening in america, so she could report back tot he President. |
| By 1932, more than __________ of the African americans in the south were jobless. | half |
| civil rights | the rights guaranteed in the Constitution, especially voting and equal treatment under the law |
| Mary McLeod Bethune | an African American woman was a part of FDR's "Black Cabinet" who advised the President on African American issues. |
| Marian Anderson | She was an African American singer who sang on the steps of the lIncoln Memorial on Easter Sunday before a crowd of 75,000. |
| migrant workers | people who travel from farm to farm picking crops |
| During the Depression, thouseands of white migrant workers flooded California looking for work. Many were from __________ and were called Okies. | Oklahoma |
| John collier | he was the Commissioner of Indian Affairs; his plan was the INdian Reorganization Act of 1934 and it restricted Indian Land sales. |
| dust bowl | 1930 - very little rain and resulted in widespread drought and crop failure that sent storms of dust across the plains states, including Oklahoma. |
| black Blizzards | a dust storm arose so suddenly that it made noon seem like midnight, burying fences, seeping into houses and killing people and animals. |
| People from Oklahoma fled to ____________ to try to find jobs. | California |
| John Steinbeck | published the "Grapes of Wrath" in 1939 about the miseries of the Dust Bowl and Okies trying to find a better life in California |
| Dorothea Lange | a photographer who recorded experiences of the Dust Bowl migrats |
| People wanted to see movies like ___________ and popular stars like Shirley Temple to forget about their troubles. | King Kong and Mickey Mouse |
| payroll tax | a tax that removes money directly from workers' paychecks |
| Social Security Act | it included Aid to Dependent Chidren to help children whose fathers were dead, unemployed or not living with the family |
| the right of a union to negotiate wages and benefits for all of its members | Wagner Act |
| Fair Labor Standards Act | this law set a minimum wage and the maximum weekly work hours at 44 |
| John L. Lewis | the head of the United Mine Workers |
| sit-down strike | workers stay in the factory but stop production |
| deficit spending | a situation in which the government spends more money than it receives in taxes |
| For many Americans, the New Deal ____________ their faith in government and they felt their government would take care of them. | restored |
