| A | B |
|---|
| sediments | peices of solid material that have been deposited on Earth's surface by wind, water, ice , gravity, or chemical precipitation |
| deposition | when sediments are laid down on the ground or sink to the bottoms of bodies of water |
| lithification | the physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary rocks |
| cementation | occurs when mineral growth cements sediment grains together into solid rock |
| bedding | the primary feature of sedimentary rock is this horizontal layering |
| cross bedding | formed as inclined layers of sediment move froward across a horizontal surface |
| graded bedding | particle size increases towards the bottom layers of rock |
| clastic sedimentary rock | the most common type of sedimentary rock |
| porosity | the percentage of open spaces between grains in a rock |
| evaporites | when materials can precipitate out of a solution |
| regional metamorphism | when high temperatures and pressures affect large areas and change the rocks into metamorphic rocks |
| contact metamorphism | a type of metamorphism which occurs when a molten material comes into contact with another rock |
| hydrothermal metamorphism | occurs when very hot water reacts with rock |
| foliated | contains wavy layers of bands |
| nonfoliated | lack mineral grains with long axes in one direction |
| rock cycle | the continual process of rocks being made and transformed into other rocks |
