| A | B |
| Outpost | distant areas under the control of an empire |
| sepoy | Indian troops |
| Afonso de Albuquerque | Portuguese man who ruthlessly took ports on the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf |
| Robert Clive | an agent of the British East India Company who with sepoys was able to defeat the French in India |
| Matteo Ricci | brilliant Jesuit priest who made a positive impression on the Ming Chinese |
| Manchus | northern people who conquered China around 1600s |
| Qing Dynasty | Chinese dynasty formed by the Manchu |
| Qianlong | successful Chinese who expanded China to it’s largest size |
| Hermit Kingdom | when Korea turned inward |
| Francis Xavier | Spanish priest of the Jesuit order who was a missionary in Japan |
| sovereign | possessing supreme or ultimate power |
| Dutch East India Company | group of wealthy Dutch merchants who dominated trade in the Indian Ocean in the 1600s |
| Qing Dynasty | Chinese dynasty established by the Manchu during 1600s |
| Philippines | group of islands claimed and then conquered by the Spanish during the 1500s |