| A | B |
|---|
| Heredity | passing on of genetic information from parent to offspring |
| Gregor Mendel | Father of Genetics |
| Self-pollination | sperm cells in pollen fertilize egg cells of the same plant |
| cross-pollination | pollen fertilizes female egg cells of another plant |
| P generation | true-breeding, purebred plants created by self-pollinating |
| F1 generation | offspring of crossing two P generation plants |
| F2 generation | offspring of the F1 generation |
| law of segregation | alleles are separated during gamete formation |
| law of dominance | some alleles are dominant, some are recessive |
| genes | "factors" that control traits |
| alleles | different forms or versions of genes |
| dominant | allele that is expressed |
| recessive | allele that is expressed only in the homozygous state (not expressed in heterozygous) |
| genotype | genetic make-up of an organism |
| phenotype | physical appearance of an organism that develops from the genotype |
| homozygous dominant | two dominant alleles for a trait (TT) |
| homozygous recessive | two recessive alleles for a particular trait (tt) |
| heterozygous | two different alleles for the same trait (Tt) |
| probability | likelihood that something will happen |
| law of independnet assortment | alleles for different genes separate independently of one another during gamete formation |
