| A | B |
|---|
| Galleons | Spanish ships that moved things like silver |
| Monopoly companies | tpypes of companies that had total control over a specific part of the market -given this right by government |
| British East India Company | Monopoly gov of GB that eventually took over India |
| Dutch East India Company | Monopology company of Netherlands that took Java |
| Columbian Exchange | two way exchange of biological things between Old and New Worlds |
| Sugar | cash crop grown on islands like Haiti...addicitive and sweet |
| Potatoes | American food that helped populaitons across the world to explode (Ireland) |
| Silver | Spain mined from the New world and used to buy goods from Asia |
| inflation | money devalued |
| Mita | labor system of Incans imposed by Spanish on local natives |
| Potosi | Spanish silver mine |
| Price revolution | period of inflation in Europe |
| mercantilism | economic theory that ruled 16-17 century-only a given amount of wealth and opportunity...led to competition and lots of tariffs |
| Capitalism | economic theory that governments should stay out of regulating the economy |
| tariffs | taxes |
| Ming | China (dynasty) began to collect taxes in silver |
| Cape Colony | 1652 Dutch established this colony in South Africa |
| Indonesia | Dutch took over this areas for trade (Java) |
| Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade | slave system that took slaves the Americas |
| Creole slave | slaves born in the Americas |
| Brazil | most slaves went to this country |
| Condomble | religion developed by slaves of Brazil |
| Voodoo | religion that mixed Vodun and Christanity |
| Plantations | cash crops were grown on these in the Americas |
| Middle Passage | journey of slaves from Africa to Americas is called |
| Macombos | runaway slave communities |
| Suriname | independent slave community started here |
| Gun-slave cycle | manufactured goods (guns) traded for slaves to Americas and raw materials taken then back to Europe |
| Ashanti | African kingdom who got rich off of Gun-slave cycle |
| Kongo | West African kingdom who became Christian after contact with Portugal |
| Wars of Religion | conflict in Europe between Protestants and Catholics in Europe |
| Thirty Years’ War | Holy Roman Empire conflict over religion (1618-1648) |
| Edict of Nantes | 1598 signed by King Henry IV that gave religious tolerance to Protestants of Europe |
| Henry IV (France) | converted to Catholicism to become the king of France |
| Absolutism | total power is with the king |
| Stuarts | line that took over power of England (James I) |
| Peter the Great | aboslute king of Russia (table of ranks and westernization reforms-beards) |
| Catherine the Great | absolute ruler of Russia (took Poland and sent men to North America) |
| Table of Ranks | hierarchy of Russia based on service to the state -Peter the Great |
| Pugachev’s Rebellion | against Catherine the Great because so many regulations on peasants |
| Viceroys | 2 that ruled New Spain |
| Bourbon Reforms | changes introduced by Philip V (French) when he became the king Spain |
| peninsulares | most powerful group in the Americas...directly from Europe |
| Creoles | Europeans born in the Americas |
| mestizo | mixed European and Native |
| Mulatto | Mixed African and European |
| Louis XIV | "Sun King' absolute leader of france-built Versailles |
| St. Bartholomew's Massacre | in France a wedding that went really wrong...killed Protestants |
| Boyars | nobles of Russia |
| junkers | nobles of Prussia |
| Ivan IV | led to aboslutism in Russia |
| James I | 1st stuart king of England |
| Roundheads | parliament supports during the English Civil War |
| caviliers | supported king during English Civil War |
| English Civil war | conflict in England between Parliament and teh King...king killed 1649 |
| Oliver Cromwell | took over power after the English Civil War and the king being killed |
| Great Restoration | England-monarchy restored under Charles II |
| Glorious Revolution | 1688-James II kicked out of England (Catholic) and his daughter and son-in law took over (William and Mary) |
| settler colony | majority Euro population in a colony |
| constitutional monarchy | limited monarchy |
| tropical dependency | local pop/ african pop outnumber euro's |
| Scientific Revolution | new discoveries in science change understanding of the world by Euros |
| Enlightenment | period where period in Europe challenged traditions and began to think differently |
| Heliocentrism | sun center world |
| natural rights | locke says people should be guarteened these rights |
| divine right kingship | theory of absolutism |
| American Revolution | American independence (1776)-taxes |
| Seven Years' War | 1st global war between England and France and caused fincancial conflict for both countries leading to increased taxes and loans |
| Industrious Revolution | Euro's working longer hours and taking on more jobs (cottage industry) to buy more consumer goods |
| syncretism | blending of traditions |
| Stamp act | English tax on British colonies on imports |
| Boston Tea Party | British colonies dump tea into habor in protest to special permission given to the British East India Company |
| Safavid Fall | Afghani invaded 1722 |
| Aurangzeb | last major leader of the Mughals-Mughals feel apart after this -independent kingdoms |
| French Revolution | 1789 fought for a constitutional monarchy -estates general-over $ problems |
| National Assembly | 3rd estate became during the French Revolution |
| Robespierre | lead the French Revolution during the Reign of Terror |
| Bastille | French prison that was overthrown and torn down July 14, 1789 |
| Cult of Reason | replaced Christainity in France |
| Napoleon | leader of France (consul-emperor) |
| Russia | Napoleon invaded unsuccessfully and this led to his downfall |
| Nation | 1813 battle where Napoleon was defeated 1st |
| Waterloo | 1815 battle where Napoleon was defeated |
| Louis XVIII | took over the throne of France after Napoleon and restored the monarchy |
| Affranchis | mulatto upper class of Haiti |
| Haitian Revolution | revolt by slaves in 1791 on an island in the Caribbean |
| juntas | councils that ruled New Spain when Napoleon took over control of Spain |
| King Ferdinand VII | king of Spain restored in 1815- |
| Toussiant L'Overture | revolutionary leader of Haiti |
| 1804 | Haiti became indepedent |
| Father Hidelgo | lead revolution in Mexico for indepedence-but killed because he advocated equality |
| Augustine Iturbide | first emperor of Mexico (1821-1824) |
| Simon Bolivar | independence leader of South America (north) |
| San Martin | independence leader of South America (south) |
| Social Darwinism | idea of hiearchy based on race and ethnicity-used to justify imperialism |
| Mexico | independent 1821 |
| Brazil | independent 1822 under king Dom Pedro I |
| Joao VI | king of Portugal moved to Brazil when Napoleon moved into Portgual |
| Socidad de Casta | social hierarchy based on race/ ethnicity in Latin America |
| Huguentos | French Protestants |
| Sao Tome | abandoned by Portuguese because of slave resistance and warfare |
