| A | B |
|---|
| turnpikes | Inland toll roads built by private companies (315) |
| census | An official count of a population (314) |
| National Road | The first major road leading west paid for by the federal government went from Maryland to Illinios. (315-316) |
| river travel | This type of travel was more comfortable & could haul heavy loads, but did not help Americans travel very far west. (315) |
| Robert Fulton | He built the first powerful steamboat to carry passengers in New York. (316) |
| Clermont | The name of Robert Fulton's steamboat that first carried passengers from New York City to Albany in 1807. (316-317) |
| canal | An artificial waterway built to connect two bodies of water (318) |
| Erie Canal | This 363-mile canal opened in 1825 to join the East & the Midwest. (318) |
| Ohio | Between 1791 & 1803, a first wave of westward growth led to the new states of Vermont, Kentucky, Tennessee & ________. (319) |
| Missouri | Between 1816 & 1821, a second wave of westward growth led to the new states of Indiana, Illinois, Mississippi, Alabama & ________. (319) |
| Lake Erie | The Erie Canal was built across New York state connecting Albany on the Hudson River with Buffalo on ________. (318) |
| Osceola | He led the Seminole in wars against the U.S. government in the 1830's & 1840's. (344) |
| Oklahoma | Nicknamed "Indian Territory", this is where Indians east of the Mississippi River were sent. (342) |
| guerrilla tactics | The Seminole used these kinds of surprise attacks against the U.S. Army in Florida's forests and swamps. (344) |
| Trail of Tears | The Cherokee's forced journey to Indian Territory in 1838. (343-344) |
| Indian Removal Act | The 1830 law that allowed the federal government to pay Native Americans to move west to Indian Territory. (342) |
| Seminole | The name for the Native Americans who used guerilla tactics against the U.S. in their struggle to remain in Florida. (344-345) |
| Black Hawk | The Sauk chieftain whose people were slaughtered by the U.S. Army in 1832 when they tried to recapture their homeland in Illinois. (344) |
| The Five Civilized Tribes | Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, Chickasaw & Choctaw - the largest Native American groups in the Southeast. (341) |
| Cherokee | They adapted to American culture and won a Supreme Court decision, but most were forced off their homeland in the Smoky Mountains anyway. (343) |
| Worcester v. Georgia | The Supreme Court decision won by the Cherokee in 1832. (343) |
| Andrew Jackson | This U.S. President supported the relocation of Indians to Oklahoma. (342-343) |
| Meriwether Lewis | President Jefferson chose him to lead a journey to explore the American West. (284) |
| William Clark | Meriwether Lewis chose him to co-lead the expedition. He drew the first accurate maps of the American West. (284) |
| Sacagawea | This Shoshone Indian served as a valuable guide and translator to the Lewis & Clark expedition. (284) |
| Thomas Jefferson | This President quickly made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, doubling America's size. (283) |
| France | The nation America purchased the Louisiana Territory from in 1803. (283) |
| secede | Federalists in New England plotted to ___________, and start a new nation called "The Northern Confederacy" because they were unhappy about the Louisiana Purchase. (285) |
| Louisiana Territory | The vast area that stretched from the Mississippi River west to the Rocky Mountains. (283) |
| Haiti | The Caribbean island nation that won their independence from France in 1803. (283) |
| Missouri River | Lewis & Clark struggled against the current of this river on the first leg of their journey. (284) |
| Zebulon Pike | This army lieutenant led two expeditions to explore the Mississippi River valley. The highest peak in Colorado bears his name. (285) |
