| A | B |
|---|
| Simple formula for nuclear fusion | H +H = He + Energy |
| % of atmosphere that is Nitrogen | 78% |
| % of atmosphere that is Oxygen | 21% |
| albedo | % of energy that is reflected without being changed |
| Where most of the water on Earth is found | Oceans |
| Where most of the freshwater on Earth is found | Frozen in Glaciers & Icecaps |
| #1 Source of Useable Fresh Water | Groundwater |
| Hydrosphere (def) | The water of Earth's Surface |
| Water Cycle Synonym | Hydrologic Cycle |
| Water Cycle (def) | The movement of water from one part of the hydrosphere to another |
| Precipitation (def) | Any form of moisture falling from the sky |
| Condensation (def) | Process in which water going from the gas phase to the liquid |
| Precipitation Examples | Rain, Sleet, Snow, Hail, Freezing Rain |
| Evaporation (def) | Process in which liquid water changes to water vapor |
| Cause of Evaporation | Increase in Heat or Decrease in Pressure |
| Cause of Condensation | Decrease in Heat or Increase in Pressure |
| Evapotranspiration (def) | Process by which water is added to the atmosphere from bodies of water, land & plants |
| Water Budget (def) | The income & spending of water in an area |
| Deficit (def) | When the need for water is greater than the rain fall & the soil water storage is gone |
| Deficit Synonym | Drought |
| Surplus (def) | When rain fall is greater than the need & soil water storage is filled |
| Surplus Synonym | Flooding |
| Recharge (def) | The filling of the ground water supply by precipitation |
| Runoff (def) | Water that flows over land because the soil storage is full & can not absorb anymore water |
| Respiration (def) | Process by which oxygen is combined with food molecules to produce energy |
| Photosynthesis (def) | Process by which plants use light to convert carbon dioxide & water into sugars & oxygen |
| Formula for Methane | CH<SUB>4</SUB> |
| Formula for Nitrates | NO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>-</SUP> |
| Formula for Nitrites | NO<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>-</SUP> |
| Formula for Carbon Dioxide | CO<SUB>2</SUB> |
| Formula for Glucose | C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>12</SUB>O<SUB>6</SUB> |
| Products of Photosynthesis | O<SUB>2</SUB> & Food (glucose) |
| Reactants of Photosynthesis | CO<SUB>2</SUB>, H<SUB>2</SUB>O & sunlight |
| Products of Respiration | CO<SUB>2</SUB>, H<SUB>2</SUB>O & energy |
| Reactants of Respiration | O<SUB>2</SUB> & Food (glucose) |
| Building block of proteins | Amino acids |
| Building block of life | Carbon |
| Important elemental component of amino acids | Nitrogen |
| Lithification (def) | The hardening of sediments into rock |
| Biogeochemical Cycles | Flow of chemical elements & compounds between living organisms & the physical environment |
| 2 nutrients that cause Eutrophication | Nitrogen & Phosphorus |
| Term for the amount of reflected light off a surface | Albedo |
| Equation for the 1st Law of Thermodynamics | E=mc<SUP>2</SUP> |
| Person who made the equation for the 1st Law of thermodynamics | Einstein |
| German chemist who discovered Phosphorus | Hennig Brand |
| Liquid the German chemist used in his process of discovering Phosphorus | Urine |
| 4 processes that return Carbon Dioxide to the atmosphere | Respiration, Burning & Decay, Weathering & Erosion, Volcanism |
| Examples of impermeable rocks | Shale, Granite, & Basalt |
| Living thing that fixes nitrogen in the roots of legumes | Bacteria |
| Name 4 greenhouse gases | CO<SUB>2</SUB>, CH<SUB>4</SUB>, CFC's, H<SUB>2</SUB>O, NO<SUB>2</SUB> |
| 2 compounds that contribute to acid rain | Nitrogen oxides NO<SUB>2</SUB> & Sulfur Oxides SO<SUB>2</SUB> |
| The process by which a body of water acquires a high concentration of nutrients | Eutrofication |
| 3 Examples of Nitrogen fixing plants | Peanuts, clover, & beans |
| 2 carbon compounds that form sea shells | Bicarbonate, Calcium Carbonate |
| 3 ways humans alter the water cycle | Withdrawing large amounts of freshwater, clearing vegetation and eroding soils, polluting surface and underground water, & contributing to climate change |
| 3 things biogeochemical cycles do | Regulate nutrients, Influence climate stability, & Influence the purity of drinking water |
| Ways humans alter the Nitrogen cycle | Adding gases that contribute to acid rain, Contaminating ground water from nitrate ions in inorganic fertilizers, Adding nitrous oxide to the atmosphere through farming practices which can warm the atmosphere and deplete ozone, & Releasing nitrogen into the troposphere through deforestation |
| Effects of increased Nitrogen | Loss of soil nutrients, Acidification of rivers and lakes, & Increases nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere |
| Gas that is depleted by eutrophication | O<SUB>2</SUB> |
| Energy source that drives winds & waves | Sun |
| Energy sources that drives the water cycle | Sun |
| Energy source that drives weathering | Sun |
| Energy source that drives Earth's plates | Geothermal |
| Energy source that powers volcanoes, earthquakes, & the rock cycle | Geothermal |
| Energy source that slows Earth's rotation | Tidal energy |
