| A | B |
|---|
| atom | Basic unit of a chemical element. |
| proton | Small, positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom. |
| neutron | Small uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom. |
| electron | A tiny, negatively charged, high-energy particle that moves in the space outside the nucleus of an atom. |
| nucleus | The central core of an atom containing protons and usually neutrons. |
| charge | A characteristic of a unit of matter that expresses the extent to which it has more or fewer electrons than protons. |
| atomic number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. |
| atomic mass unit (amu) | A unit of measurement for the mass of particles in atoms. |
| atomic mass | The average mass of one atom of an element. |
| quark | Combine to form composite particles called hadrons, the most stable of which are protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus. |
| nanoscale | The study of the performance of microscopic structures, materials, and devices. |
| Bohr model | Electrons orbit the nucleus at set distances, when an electron orbit changes it does so in a quantum leap, the energy difference is emitted in photons. |
| Electron Cloud Model | Electrons randomly orbit the nucleus of an atom. |
| Quantum Mechanical Model | Based on mathematics, uses complex shapes or orbitals or electron clouds, volumes of space in which there is likely to be an electron. |
| Dalton | Matter consists of atoms, atoms of elements are identical and can be neither created or destroyed, atoms form compounds in given rations, atom is positive billiard ball. |
| Thomson | Plum pudding (blueberry muffin) model of atom in which atom is composed of protons with electrons stuck to it. |
| Rutherford | Nuclear atom or planetary model, atom has positive nucleus with electrons orbiting like planets around the sun. Gold foil experiment = protons. |
| Chadwick | Nuclear atom or planetary model, modified nucleus to show proton and neutron (discovered neutron). |
| Shrodinger | Model based on the probability equation, electron cloud or quantum mechanics. |
| Bohr | Model depicts the atom as small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in specific circular orbits around the nucleus |
| Electron Cloud Model | Model depicts a positive nucleus with a cloud-like region where the electron is likely to be found. The most modern, current model used today. |
