| A | B |
|---|
| Father of Rhea Silvia | Numitor |
| Who overthrew Numitor | his brother Amulius |
| Who raised Romulus & Remus | Faustulus & Acca Laurentia |
| Which hill did Remus choose to start a new city? | Aventine |
| Which hill did Romulus choose to start a new city? | Palatine |
| Why did Romulus slay Remus? | Remus mocked his wall |
| To what festival did the Romans invite the Sabines? | Festival of Consus |
| Who betrayed Rome for bracelets? | Tarpeia |
| Who co-ruled with Romulus? | Titus Tatius |
| Whom did Romulus kidnap to be his wife? | Hersilia |
| Who established Rome's first senate? | Romulus |
| Romulus was the first to win the Spolia Opima. Whom did he defeat? | King Acron of Caecina |
| Who brought the Vestal Virgins to Rome from Alba Longa? | Numa Pompilius |
| From what tribe was Numa? | Sabine |
| Who added Jan & Feb to the calendar? | Numa Pompilius |
| Who introduced the worship of Janus? | Numa Pompilius |
| What nymph was Numitor said to have consulted? | Egeria |
| During whose reign did the ancile (shield) fall from the sky? | Numa Pompilius |
| Who built the first curia? | Tullus Hostilius |
| With what city did T. Hostilus go to war? | Alba Longa |
| Which king destroyed Alba Longa? | T. Hostilius |
| What was the name of the Alban triplets who fought a mini war? | Curiatii |
| What was the name of the Roman triplets who fought a mini-war? | Horatii |
| What Alban king did T. Hostilius kill for treachery? | Mettius Fufettius |
| Who did T. Hostilius die? | struck by Jupiter's bolt |
| Which king was the grandson of Titus Tatius? | Ancus Marcius |
| Who built the Pons Sublicius? | Ancus Marcius |
| Who founded the port of Ostia for the salt trade? | Ancus Marcius |
| Who built the Mamertine prison? | Ancus Marcius |
| Which king was the son of a Corinthian exile? | T. Priscus |
| What was T. Priscus' original name? | Lucumo |
| Who was the wife of T.Priscus? | Tanaquil |
| Who prophesied that Lucumo would become come? | his wife Tanaquil |
| What omen did Tanaquil see that told her Lucumo would someday be king? | an eagle swooped down, took his cap and then replaced it. |
| Who started the Cloaca Maxima? | T. Priscus |
| Who started the Circus Maximus? | T. Priscus |
| Who first started the temple of Jupiter on the Capitoline? | T. Priscus |
| How did T. Priscus die? | killed by a shepherd, hired as an assassin by sons of Ancus Marcius |
| Which king was known as the Etruscan hero, Mastarna? | Servius Tullius the 6th king |
| In whose household had Servius T. been a servant? | T. Priscus & Tanaquil |
| Name the wall which is attributed to a Roman king? | Servian wall |
| Which goddess' cult did Servius establish on the Aventine hill? | Diana |
| How did Servius Tullius die? | His daughter Tulia Minor and her husband T. Superbus ran over him with a chariot. |
| What large scale projects did T. Superbus complete? | Cloaca Maxima & Temple of Jupiter |
| Which king had the opportunity to buy all of the Sybylline books (prophesied Rome's future) but waited till six of the nine were burned? | T. Superbus |
| How many of the Sybilline books did T. Superbus buy? | 3 (of the nine) |
| Which son of T. Superbus raped Lucretia? | Sextus |
| Which king was supposedly tutored by the Greek philosopher Pythagoras? | Numa Pompililus |
| Who was the first Roman to take a wife in the kidnapping of the Sabines? | Thalasius |
| Term for the prize of a defeated king's armor when he is defeated by another king? | spolia opima |
| Who were the first two consuls? | Brutus and Collatinus |
| Against whom does Brutus die fighting in battle? | Arruns, son of Tarquin the Proud |
| Why did Collatinus step down as consul? | He was related to the Tarquins |
| Who defended the Pons Sublicius single-handedly? | Horatius Cocles |
| Who failed to assassinate Lars Porsenna and burned off his right hand to his bravery? | Mucius Scaevola |
| Which maiden escaped from Lars Porsenna, but returned voluntarily? | Cloelia |
| In what year did the plebeians secede from Rome? | 494 B.C. |
| To what location did the plebeians secede? | Mons Sacra |
| Whom did the decemvir, Appius Claudius, attempt to rape? | Verginia |
| Which Roman general, after being exiled, led the enemy Volsci against Rome? | Coriolanus |
| Who stopped Coriolanus from attacking Rome? | his wife Volumnia and mother Veturia |
| Who left his plow to be dictator? | Cincinnatus |
| Against whom did Cincinnatus lead the Roman army? | Aequi |
| How long did Cincinnatus hold on to his dictatorship? | 16 days |
| What was the Foedus Cassianum? | Treaty between Romans and Latins (493 B.C.) marking the end of the war between the two |
| Who oversaw the 10 year siege of Veii which ended in 396 B.C.? | Camillus |
| Whom did the Romans recall after Brennus invaded? | Camillus |
| Who is known as the Second Romulus/Founder of Rome? | Camillus |
| Who brought peace between the patricians and plebeians and put a temple in the forum to commemorate this? | Camillus |
| How much gold did Brennus want? | 1000 lbs. |
| Who warned Manlius Capitolinus that the Gauls were sneaking into the arc? | sacred geese |
| What great disaster befell the Roman army in 321 B.C. | Caudine Forks |
| What enemy trapped the Roman army at the Caudine Forks? | Samnites |
| How many wars did Rome have with the Samnites? | 3 |
| What southern Italian city did Pyrrhus come to the aid of? | Tarentum |
| What first did Pyrrhus present the Romans with? | elephants in warfare |
| What is a Pyrrhic victory? | one won at an excessive cost |
| With whom did Rome fight in the Battle of Beneventum? | Pyrrhus |
| What sea battle did Claudius Pulcher lose after the sacred chickens incident? | Battle of Drepana |
| Where was Rome's first naval victory | Battle of Mylae - 1st P.W. |
| Where did the prows on the rostra in the Roman forum come from? | ships captured at the Battle of Mylae - Rome's first sea victory? |
| Which Roman commander was captured during the 1st P.W., and taken to Rome to convince the senate to surrender? | Regulus |
| Which battle was the last of the 1st P.W.? | Battle of Aegates Islands |
| What are the dates for the 1st Punic War? | 264 - 241 B.C. |
| What are the dates for the 2nd P.W.? | 218-201 B.C. |
| Over what city in Spain did the 2nd P.W. begin? | Saguntum |
| Where was the first battle of 2nd P.W.? winner | Ticinus River 218 B.C./Hannibal |
| Where/When was 2nd battle of 2nd P.W.? | Battle of Trebia 218/Hannibal |
| Where/when was the 3rd battle of 2nd P.W.? | Lake Trasimene 217/Hannibal |
| Where/when was the 4th battle of 2nd P.W.? | Battle of Cannae 216/Hannibal |
| Which battle was Rome's worst defeat in its history? | Battle of Cannae 216 |
| Who, as dictator, used delaying tactics against Hannibal? | Fabius Maximus Verrucosus (Cunctator - "The Delayer") |
| Whose head was cut off and thrown into Hannibal's camp? | his brother Hasdrubal |
| What was the final battle of the 2nd P.W.? When? | Battle of Zama - 202 B.C. |
| What was Rome's first province? | Sicily |
| Over what region did the 1st P.W. begin? | Sicily |
| Who was the Roman general who defeated Hannibal? | Publius Cornelius Scipio (Africanus) |
| Whom did Scipio (Africanus) rescue in the first battle of the 2nd P.W.? | his father |
| What two important allied cities defected to Hannibal? | Capua and Tarentum |
| How much silver was Carthage forced to pay as an indemnity after the 2nd P.W.? | 10,000 talents |
| What group of Italian mercenaries did Rome back, starting the 1st P.W.? | Mamertines |
| During what war were the battles of Ecnomus, Agrigentum, Drepana & Tunis fought | 1st P.W. |
| During which major war did the 1st Macedonian War occur? | 2nd P.W. |
| Who was the Macedonian leader during the first two Macedonian Wars? | Phillip V |
| During which war was the Battle of Cynocephalae ("Dog's head")? | 2nd Macedonian War |
| Who was the winning general in the Battle of Cynoscephalae in 197? | Flamininus |
| Who declared that "all of Greece is free!" | Flamininus |
| Who was the Macedonian leader during the 3rd Macedonian War? | Perseus, son of Phillip V |
| What was the final battle of the 3rd Macedonian War? | Battle of Pydna (168 B.C.) |
| Which Greek city roughed up some Roman envoys, precipitating that city's destruction? | Corinth |
| What two cities were destroyed by Rome in 146 B.C.? | Corinth and Carthage |
| Who was the Roman commander who oversaw the destruction of Corinth? | Lucius Mummius |
| Which neighboring people provoked Carthage into raising arms? | Numidians |
| Who was the Roman commander who oversaw the destruction of Carthage? | P. Cornelius Scipio Aemelianus |
| When was the 1st Servile War? | 135-132 |
| Where was the 1st Servile War? | Sicily |
| Who were the rebellious leaders? | Enus & Cleon |
| What office did the two Gracchi Bros. hold? | tribune |
| What are the names of the two Gracchi Bros? | Tiberius & Gaius |
| What major reform did the Gracchi Bros. push for? | land reform |
| What is the name for the political party which supported patrician causes? | Optimates |
| What is the name for the political party which supported causes of the plebeians? | Populares |
| Where was Jugurtha king? | Numidia |
| Which Roman general seized the command to crush Jugurtha? | Gaius Marius |
| What is the term for a man who is the first in his family to rise to senatorial office? | novus homo |
| Who held the record for the most consulships? | Gaius Marius |
| How many times was G. Marius elected consul? | 7 |
| Who is credited with starting Rome's first professional army? | G. Marius |
| Who was the patrician under Marius who was instrumental in capturing Jugurtha? | Sulla |
| Who was the commander who conquered the Cimbri and Teutones in Cisalpine Gaul in 101 B.C.? | G. Marius |
| When and where was the 2nd Servile War? | Sicily (104-100 B.C.) |
| Which war did Rome fight 90-88 B.C.) | Social War |
| As a result of which war was the Lex Iulia made? | Social War |
| What did the Lex Iulia grant? | full rights to Italians allies (who put down arms) |
| Which king willed his kingdom to Rome in 133 B.C.? | King Attalus of Pergamon |
| What lucrative command did Sulla get in 88 B.C.? | command against King Mithridates of Pontus |
| What were the two sides of the civil war of 87-82 B.C.? | Marius & Sulla |
| Who started the proscriptions? | Sulla |
| Which famous Roman became extremely wealthy during the proscriptions?s | Crassus |
| When was the 3rd Servile War? | 73-71 B.C. |
| Durin which of the Servile Wars was Spartacus leader? | 3rd |
| Who was given the final command to put down Spartacus? | Crassus |
| What did Perseus' defeat at the Battle of Pydna mark? | end of the Macedonian Wars |
| *Who willed his kingdom to Rome in 74 B.C.? (don't confuse with Attalus of Pergamon in 133) | Nicomedes IV (of Bithynia in Asia Minor) |
| *Who, proscribed by Sulla, fled to Lusitania (Spain) and led a revolt against with supporters of Marius | Sertorius |
| *What were the Asiatic Vespers? | When Mithridates (VI) orchestrated the massacre of some 80,000 Romans throughout Asia Minor to be killed |
| *Which three generals fought Mithridates VI of Pontus? | Sulla, Lucullus & Pompey |
| *Mithridates VI of Pontus was finally defeated (upon which he committed suicide) by which Roman general? | Pompey |
| Who were the consuls of 70 B.C.? | Pompey & Crassus |
| What corrupt governor of Sicily did Cicero prosecute? | Verres (his speeches entitled "In Verrem" - "Against Verres") |
| What did Cicero & Marius share in common? | Both were from Arpinum and both were achieved the status of "novus homo" |
| What office did the young Cicero hold in Sicily while Verres, the corrupt governor, was in charge of the island? | quaestor (treasury official) |
| In what year was Cicero consul? | 63 B.C. |
| What conspiracy did Cicero put down during his consulship? | Cataline's conspiracy to assassinate Cicero and overthrow the government (speeches entitled "In Catalinam" - "Against Cataline") |
| What honor did the Senate bestow on Cicero for crushing Cataline's conspiracy? | pater patriae (father of the fatherland) |
| What is the Latin term for the final decree which the Senate gave Cicero? | senatus consultum ultimum ("a final decree of the Senate") |
| Whom did Cicero prosecute in 62 B.C.? | Clodius Pulcher |
| What was the scandal of 62? | Bona Dea Scandal |
| Who was the Pontifex Maximus during the Bona Dea scandal? | Caesar |
| What was the rumor concerning Clodius at the Bona Dea Festival? | he snuck off into a bedroom with Caesar's wife, Pompeia |
| What did Caesar do as a result of the Bona Dea scandal? | divorced his wife Pompeia |
| How did Clodius Pulcher manage to avoid a guilty verdict? | bribed the jury |
| IN what year was the First Triumvirate formed? | 60 B.C. |
| IN what year was Caesar consul | 59 B.C. |
| IN what years was Caesar in Gaul? | 58-49 B.C. |
| *What famous Roman was Caesar the nephew of? | Gaius Marius |
| In what year was the Conference at Lucca? | 56 B.C. |
| Whom did Pompey marry in 59 B.C.? | Julia, Caesar's daughter |
| Whom did Caesar marry in 59 B.C.? | Calpurnia |
| During which two summers did Caesar go to Britain? | 55 & 54 B.C. |
| When did Julia die? | 54 B.C. |
| Against what nation did Crassus lead an army in 53 B.C.? | The Parthians |
| After what battle was Crassus killed in 53 B.C.? | Carrhae |
| What did Crassus lose at Carrhae, besides his legions? | the legion standards |
| Who eventually retrieved Crassus' lost standards? | Augustus in 20 B.C. |
| *How did Crassus actually die after the Battle of Carrhae? | he was held down and molten gold was poured down his throat (according to historian Cassius Dio) |
| When was the Battle of Alesia? | 52 B.C. |
| Where did Caesar construct the his famous double circumvallation? | At Alesia |
| Whom did Caesar defeat at Alesia? | Vercingetorix |
| When did Caesar cross the Rubicon? | Jan. of 49 B.C. |
| What did Caesar say upon crossing the Rubicon? | Alea iacta est (the die is cast) |
| With which legion did Caesar cross the Rubicon? | XIII |
| What is the name of the battle and the date in which Caesar defeated Pompey? | Pharsalus in 48 B.C. |
| How said the following about Caesar: "I see many Marius' in him" | Sulla |
| Which famous Roman was kidnapped by pirates and after the ransom was paid, he caught the pirates and had them crucified. | Caesar |
| How did Clodius Pulcher (brother of Lesbia) die? | Killed in a gang battle by a thug named Milo |
| At what battle did Caesar defeat the son of Mithridates VI, Pharnaces | Battle of Zela |
| After what battle did Caesar say "veni, vidi, vici"? | Battle of Zela |
| At what battle did Caesar fight Romans legions in Africa? | Thapsus |
| At what battle was the last large scale use of elephants? | Thapsus in Africa, Caesar defeated Scipio and King Juba (46 B.C.) |
| What was the last major battle of the Caesar's Civil War? | Munda in Spain (45 B.C. |
| To whom was Antony married when he started his affair with Cleopatra? | Octavia, sister of Octavian |
| When was the 2nd triumvirate formed? | 43 B.C. |
| Members of 2nd triumvirate? | Octavian, Antony & Lepidus |
| How many speeches did Cicero make against Antony? | 14 |
| Name of Cicero's speeches against Antony? | Phillipics |
| At what battle were Caesar's assassins defeated? Date? | Phillipi |
| At what battle were Antony & Clepatra defeated? | Actium |
| In what year was the Battle of Actium? | 31 B.C. |
| Who was Octavian's admiral at the Battle of Actium? | Agrippa (Oct's future son-in-law) |
