| A | B |
|---|
| Middle Ages | period between Classical Era (Greco-Roman) and Renaissance |
| main characteristic in Renaissance art | instead of all looking alike as in Medieval art, the human figure is more life-like |
| anatomy and perspective | two things that helped artists reproduce images more accurately |
| 'renaissance' | means 'rebirth' |
| origin of the term | French |
| duration of this period | 1300s to 1600s |
| place of origin of this period | Florence, Italy |
| organization of Italy at this time | city states |
| most common element brought back by The Renaissance | rediscovery of art and literature of Greece and Rome |
| scientific developments of the Renaissance | study of the body and the natural world |
| shift in the role of the Catholic Church | it is no longer the only focus of man, but still at the center of his life |
| change that occurs in man's belief | believes in himself and the power of the individual |
| Protestant Reformation | decreases the power of the Catholic Church |
| the study of God, the Supreme Being was replaced by.... | the study of the human being |
| Rome, Florence, Venice | main Italian city states |
| The Medici | Godfathers of the Renaissance |
| patronage | system established by Medici to commission and pay artists |
| new attitude towards the artist | instead of a humble artisan, now considered above ordinary man |
| Johannes Gutenberg | invented the printing press |
| Galileo Galilei | "father of physics, observational astronomy and science" |
| 30 years old | life expectancy |
| 7 years old | boys could be apprenticed |
| 14 years old | girls could be married off |
| 4 | number of voyages made by Christopher Columbus |
| Baldassare Cossa | name of the pirate who became Pope John XXIII |
| Giovanni de Medici | the patriarch of the Medici |
| Lorenzo de Medici | patron of Leonardo, Brunelleschi, Raphael, and Michelangelo among others |
| The Magnificent, Il Magnifico | name given to Lorenzo de Medici because of the number of great artists he patronized |
| Niccolo Machiavelli | Italian diplomat, author of The Prince, "father of modern political theory" |
| The Prince | political treatise, sometimes claimed to be one of the first works of political philosophy |
| "the end justifies the means" | one of the most famous quotes from The Prince |
| The Sistine Chapel | composed of more than 340 human figures representing the origin and fall of man, painted on a ceiling the size of half the length of a football field |
| Filippo Brunelleschi | eccentric genius architect who completed the dome of the Florence Cathedral |
| Leonardo da Vinci | the quintessential "Renaissance Man" |
| Michelangelo | besides painting, he could carve a sculpture from a single piece of marble |
| Titian | innovated using oil instead of tempera; canvas instead of walls; also tutor to El Greco |
| Donatello | first sculptor to bring back 'contrapposto' in sculpture with his bronze David |
| Cosimo de Medici | son of Giovanni, grandfather of Lorenzo |
| The Northern Renaissance | name given to Renaissance movement in Northern Europe, England, France, and Spain |
| 1000 years | length of time that the Middle Ages lasted |
