| A | B |
|---|
| Feudalism | _____ is a political system based on land ownership. |
| ninth | The rise of feudalism can be traced to about the _____ century. |
| fief | Under the feudal system, land is known as a _____. |
| lords | In the feudal system, land was granted to _____ who pledged their loyalty to the king/ queen. |
| vassals | Lords were _____ to the king. |
| homage | Vassals pledged to pay _____ to the lord or the monarch. |
| serfs | Peasants, also known as _____, were the lowest class in the feudal system. |
| Manorialism | _____ was the economic relationship between the nobility and the peasants who worked on their lands. |
| Charlemagne | _____ founded the Holy Roman Empire in 800. |
| Henry IV | _____ was King of Germany and Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire until he was forced off the throne. |
| Vikings | The _____ are the first Europeans who are known to have come to North America (around 1000 A.C.E.). |
| Leif Ericson | _____, the son of Erik the Red, became the first European to set foot on North America around 1000 A.C.E. |
| Oceania | _____ refers to the region in the Pacific Ocean that includes Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica, and the island groups of Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. |
| western | The empires of Ghana, Mali and Songhai all thrived in _____ Africa. |
| Axum | _____ was a powerful empire in East Africa located in what is now Ethiopia. |
| Muslim City-States | _____ along Africa's east coast became wealthy due to international trade. |
| Ghana | _____ existed from around 300 A.D. until around 1100 A.C.E. |
| Gold and salt | ______ were the two most important goods traded by Ghana. |
| Mali | _____ gained control of the West Africa trade routes after the fall of Ghana. |
| 1400s | Mali was in power from the 1200s until the _____. |
| gold | Mali was the source for almost half of the world's _____ during the 14th century. |
| Mali was the source for almost half of the world's _____ during the 14th century. | _____ ruled from the late 1400s until the late 1500s; first Muslim king was Askia Muhammad. |
| Askia Muhammad | Songhai introduced to laws based on the teachings of the Quran by _____. |
| Maya | The _____ civilization lived in present-day Central America and Southern Mexico. |
| class | Mayans lived according to _____. |
| polytheistic | Mayan religion was _____; they sacrificed animals, and sometimes humans, to satisfy the gods. |
| writing system | The Maya civilization developed a _____ similar to Egyptian hieroglyphics. |
| Inca | The _____ Empire was mostly located in present-day Peru and nearby areas of South America. |
| 1500 A.C.E. | The Inca Empire thrived from 1000 A.C.E. to _____. |
| Art | _____ and architecture were very important in Inca society. |
| agricultural | The Inca had an _____ economy. |
| Francisco Pizarro | In 1532, Spanish conquistador _____ invaded the Inca Empire. |
| diseases | The Spanish were able to conquer the Inca Empire because the Inca population was weakened from exposure to European_____. |
