| A | B |
|---|
| 18 | Avg. age of first manic episode |
| 1 | number of weeks a manic episode must last for it to be classified as a manic episode |
| .9 | % of American men with bipolar |
| 1.3 | % of American females with bipolar |
| whites | which ethnic group is more likely to be labeled bipolar |
| irritability and temper tantrums | during a manic episode, children are more likely to display this as compared to adults |
| 2 | # of weeks that mood needs to be down to diagnosis major depressive disorder |
| 5 | how many symptoms from the list are needed for dx of MDD |
| 2 | Dysthymia requires presence of depression with how many other symptoms |
| 12 | disruprive mood dysregulation disorder requires how many months of symptoms for diagnosis |
| ODD, intermittent explosive disorder, bipolar disorder | Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder cannot exist with |
| MDD, ADD, conduct disorder, substance use disorder | Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder can coexist with |
| 6.5-12.9 | percentage of women with post partum depression |
| 10.6 | percentage of people over 60 suffering from depression |
| interpersonal and social rhythm therapy | this therapy promotes adherence to regular daily routines |
| cognitive-behavioral therapy | this therapy helps people develop skills to change inappropriate or negative thought patterns |
| lithium | most commonly used medication for bipolar disorder |
| glutamate | lithium moderates this in the brain |
| toxic | if not monitored, lithium can be |
| anticonvulsant medications | another medication used to treat bipolar d/o |
| atypical antipsychotics | may be added for bipolar d/o during depressive episodes |
| ECT | used for severe depression, extreme/prolonged mania, or catatonia |
| pregnancy | ECT can be used during |
| interpersonal therapy | focuses on an interpersonal problem area for a specified number of sessions |
| behavior activation | focuses on reinforcing events through daily scheduling of pleasurable activities, social skills training and time management strategies |
| SSRI's | second generation antidepressnats |
| tricyclic antidepressants and MAOI's | first generation antidepressants |
| MAOI's | inhibits the action of monoamine oxidase which would normally break down norepinephrine, serotinin and dopamine |
| atypical depression | MAOI's may be particularly useful in patients with |
| tyramine | people on MAOI's need to avoid foods with |
| foods high in tyramine are | smoked meat, aged cheeses, fava beans, aged sausages, alcohol, cottage cheese, yogurt, etc. |
| high blood pressure & death | MAOI's & foods high in tyramine can lead to |
| TCA's | act on norepinephrine & serotonin |
| dry mouth, constipation, increased heart rate | TCA's side effects can include |
| nausea, headaches, | SSRI's side effects can include |
| children and adolescents | antidepressants can be problematic in |
| warnings about use of antideprsesants in children /adolescents is in the form of | a "black box" warning |
| both mania and depression | ECT can be used to treat |
| deep brain stimulation | involves putting eletrobes deep into the brain |
| transcranial magnetic stimulation | uses electromagnetic pulse |
