| A | B |
|---|
| Bacilli | Rod-shaped |
| Cocci | Spherical shaped |
| Spiral | Wavy shaped |
| Staph | irregular clusters |
| Strep | chain clusters |
| Diplo | pair clusters |
| Exotoxin | Usually produced from gram positive bacteria, very toxic, protein substance |
| Endotoxin | Present in the cell wall of gram negative bacteria, liposaccaride |
| Binary fission | is the primary method of reproduction of prokaryotic organisms. |
| Gram positive | are bacteria that give a positive result in the Gram stain test. Thick peptidoglycan layer cell wall |
| Gram staining | is a method of staining used to differentiate bacterial species into two large groups (gram-positive and gram-negative). Gram staining differentiates bacteria by the chemical and physical properties of their cell walls by detecting peptidoglycan |
| Gram negative | are a group of bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall sandwiched between an inner cytoplasmic cell membrane and a bacterial outer membrane. |
| Pili | Tiny hairlike structures to assist in attachment of bacteria to tissue and share genetic material. |
| Aerobic bacteria | Bacteria that can live and grow in the presence of oxygen. |
| Anaerobic bacteria | Bacteria that can live and grow in the absence of oxygen. Some anaerobic bacteria are inhibited or killed by oxygen. |
| Obligate aerobic bacteria | require oxygen as a source of energy and therefore for growth. |
| facultatively anaerobic bacteria | are able to derive energy from aerobic or anaerobic metabolism. Includes most intestinal pathogens. |
