| A | B |
| Province | political districts that were governed by officials to collect taxes and enforce laws. |
| caravan | group of traveling merchants |
| astronomer | people who study the heavenly bodies, mapping stars, planets, and phases of the moon |
| Nebuchadnezzar | the king that led the Chaldeans to build an empire |
| Hanging gardens | one of the 7 wonders of the world , a complex irrigation system that brought water from the Euphrates River to the top of the gardens. |
| Babylon | the world's largest and richest city of trade |
| Ziggurat | large palaces and temples in Babylon's city center. |
| Nineveh | the capital on the Tigris River that hold the world's first library |