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ZR_Vocab Terms Section 1: for MC & Essay Sections_10th Eng
Writing styles;
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| ad hominem argument | an argument that appeals to emotion. i.e., "Pathos" |
| allegory | Using character &/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction to the literal meaning. i.e., an author may intend the characters to personify an abstraction like hope or freedom. |
| alliteration | The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in 2 or more neighboring words. |
| allusion | Forest Gump; A direct or indirect reference to something that is presumably commonly known, such as a book, myth, place, or work of art. Can be historical like referring to Hitler, literary like referring to Kurtz in Heart of Darkness; religious like referring to Noah & the flood; or mythical like referring to Atlas. A work may use multiple layers. |
| ambiguity | The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage. |
| analogy | A similarity or comparison between 2 different things or the relationship between them. Can explain something unfamiliar, or pointing to similarity; can make writing more vivid, imaginative, & intellectually engaging. |
| antecedent | The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. Ocassionally of given pronoun in a long, complex sentence or in a group of sentences. |
| Opposite | A figure of speech involving a seeming contradiction of ideas, words, clauses, or sentences within a balanced grammatical structure. i.e., "Man proposes, God disposes." |
| aphorism | A terse statement of known authorship that expresses a general truth or moral principle. Can be a memorable summation of author's point. "Hobby Lobby"; "How to live your life" by Ben Franklin. |
| apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginery person or personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. i.e., William Wadsworth addresses John Milton as he writes, "Milton, thou shouldest be living at this hour: England has need of thee." |
| atmosphere | Emotional mood created by entirety of literay work, established partly by setting & partly by author's choice of objects described. i.e., mood |
| caricature | A representation in which the subject's distinctive features or pecularities are deliberately exaggerated to produce a comic or grotesque effect. |
| clause | A grammatical unit that contains both a subject & a verb. i.e., Because I practiced hard, my AP scores were high." |
| collquialism | Slang or informality in speech or writing. |
| connotation | The nonliteral, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning. Connotations may involve ideas, emotions, or attitudes. |
| denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color. |
| diction | Word choice, mood/tone. Related to style, it refers to the writer's word choices, especially with regard to their correctioness, clearness, or effectiveness. |
| didactic | From the Greek; literally means insstructive. The primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles. |
| euphemism | From the Greek for 'good speech', i.e, making something less negative. Saying "earthly remains" rather than "corpse". |
| extended metaphor | Developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work. |
| figure of speech | A device used to produce figurative language. Many compare similar things. Include apostrophe, hyperbole, irony, metaphor, metonymy, oxymoron, paradox, personification, similie, synedoche, & understatement. |
| genre | Major category into which a literary work fits. Division of literature: prose, poetry, drama, autobiography, biography, diaries, criticism, essays, journalistic, political, scientific, & nature writing. |
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MBA High School of Business Teacher |
Rock Canyon High School |
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