| A | B |
|---|
| projection | a way of drawing the earth on a flat piece of paper |
| hemisphere | half of a sphere |
| latitude | distance north or south of the equator |
| longitude | distance east or west of the prime meridian |
| grid system | series of lines that cross each other |
| absolute location | position on the earth measured by latitude and longitude |
| great circle route | the shortest distance between places on the earth |
| key | unlocks information on a map |
| cardinal direction | north, south, east, west |
| compass rose | direction indicator used on a map |
| intermediate direction | northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest |
| scale bar | a measuring line found on a map |
| scale | relative distance shown on a map |
| relief | how flat or rugged the land is |
| elevation | height of an area above sea level |
| contour line | connects all areas of an equal elevation |
| elevation profile | shows the side view of a landscape |
| population density | average number of people living in a given area |
| climate region | broad area with similar climates |
| axis | vertical or horizontal line along the bottom or side of a graph |
| bar graph | especially useful for comparing quantities |
| line graph | good for plotting changes over time |
| circle graph | sometimes called a "pie" graph |
| pictograph | uses symbols to represent specific amounts |
| climograph | combines a bar graph and a line graph |
| climate | the long-term weather patterns |
| diagram | drawing that shows steps in a process or explains how something works |
| flow chart | combines elements of a diagram and a chart |
| charts and tables | present organized facts and statistics so they are easy to read |
| sphere | the shape of the earth or a globe |
| Goode Projection | an equal-area interrupted map projection |
| Mercator Projection | used for sea travel because of good direction |
| Robinson Projection | size and shape is good, with distortion near the poles |
| Equator | divides the earth into northern and southern hemispheres |
| Prime Meridian | divides the earth into eastern and western hemispheres |
| parallels | circle the earth and show latitude |
| Tropic of Cancer | 23 1/2 degrees north of the equator |
| Tropic of Capricorn | 23 1/2 degrees south latitude |
| Arctic Circle | 66 1/2 degrees north of the equator |
| Antarctic Circle | 66 1/2 degrees south latitude |
| meridians | run north and south from pole to pole |
| International Dateline | the 180 degree longitude line |
| political map | shows man-made features like countries or regions |
| physical map | shows natural features of the earth |
| contour map | uses lines to show the elevation of places |
| graph | summarizes and presents information visually, on axes |
