| A | B |
|---|
| drought | a long period of time with little or no rain |
| domesticate | to tame plants or animals for human use |
| livestock | domesticated animals that provide resources |
| agriculture | the knowledge of raising plants and animals |
| slash-and-burn farming | a system in which thick forestlands are cut and burned to prepare the soil for planting |
| surplus | an extra supply |
| parallel time line | made up of two or more time lines covering the same time period but different person or place |
| subsist | to survive |
| terrace | flat areas built on the slopes of hills or mountains |
| plow | a tool used to cut, lift, and turn over the soil |
| irrigation | ways to move water to land |
| barter | to trade for things people want |
| pastoral society | a group of people living as nomads with herds of animals |
| elevation map | shows the height of the land in relation to sea level |
| relief map | shows the different heights or depths of hills, valleys, and other physical features |
| contour line | a line on a relief map that connects all points of equal elevation |
| division of labor | a system in which people do different jobs according to their abilities and the needs of the group |
| merchant | a person who sells goods bought from a trader |
| social class | a group that has a specific level of importance in a society |
| government | an organized system of leaders and laws |
| urban | relating to a city or cities |
| taxation | a system in which people pay taxes to support a government |
| civilization | a society with developed forms of religion and ways of governing |
| they would trade for other things they needed or give it to people that needed it | In what ways did people use surplus food? |
| water was plentiful, soil was good, climate was mild | Near what resources did highly successful farming communities develop? |
| fewer people needed to plant crops, to prepare land for planting | What benefits did the development of the plow bring? |
| water was plentiful, soil was good | What allowed many early villages to grow into towns? |
