| A | B |
|---|
| Name | Definition |
| Acid | pH < 7, Reacts w/ Metals, Neutralizes Acids, H+ > OH- |
| Adsorption | Specific particles attracted and trapped on surface |
| Allotropes | Versions of a single element with different properties by arrangement |
| Alloy | Solid solution of metals to get desired properties |
| Anion | Negative Ion |
| Aqueous | Water Solution (Dissolved in Water) |
| Atom | Smallest Unit of an Element |
| Atomic Mass | Weighted Average of all Common Isotopes |
| Base | pH > 7, Does not React with Metals, Neutralizes Bases, OH- > H+ |
| Brittle | Breaks or shatters instead of bending |
| Cation | Positive Ion |
| Centrifuging | Separation by spinning rapidly. Based on Density. Liquids from Solids |
| Chromatography | Separation by particle attraction when being passed through a medium |
| Colloid | Stable microscopic mixture dispersed unevenly. |
| Compound | 2+ atoms chemically bonded together to form a pure substance |
| Covalent (Molecular) Compound | 2+ atoms bonded together by sharing valence electrons |
| Crystallization | Rapid formation of a solid, may push out or trap other materials |
| Distillation | Separation by slow boiling liquids. Based on Boiling Points. Purification |
| Ductile | Ability to be drawn into a continuous wire without snapping |
| Electrolysis | Separation by running a current through a material. Chemical Change |
| Electrolytes | Substance can conduct electrical current when dissolved/melted |
| Electron | Negative Particle with negligible mass that flies around the nucleus |
| Electron Cloud | Area where electron(s) are likely to be found |
| Element | Piece of matter that cannot be separated any more (118 of them) |
| Filtration | Separation by particle size by being passed through somethin else |
| Formula Unit | Smallest Unit of an Ionic Compound that retains its properties |
| Gas | Phase that has lots of space in between particles and low density |
| Heterogeneous Mixture | Uneven combination of 2+ unique substances |
| Homogeneous Mixture | Even combination of 2+ unique substances |
| Ion | Atom with a charge |
| Ionic (Solution) | Ions evenly dispersed throughout a medium by disassociation |
| Ionic Compound | 2+ atoms bonded together by attractive magnetic forces |
| Isotope | Version of an atom with a specific number of neutrons |
| Liquid | Phase with particles close together, but able to flow around each other |
| Lustrous | Reflects light readily, aka shiny |
| Magnetism | Separation by attraction to a negative or positive external charge |
| Malleable | Ability to be shaped easily without breaking |
| Mass Number | Protons + Neutrons of a specific isotope |
| Matter | Anything with Mass and Volume |
| Metal | Shiny, Malleable, Ductile, Conductive, Mostly Solids & Cations |
| Metalloid | Has some properties of both metals and nonmetals |
| Mixture | 2+ substances physically combined |
| Molecule | Smallest Unit of a Covalent Compound that retains its properties |
| Neutral (Solution) | pH = 7, H+ = OH- |
| Neutron | Particle (without charge) that holds protons together in the nucleus |
| Non-Metal | Dull, Brittle, Non-Conductive, Mostly Gases & Anions |
| Nucleus | Dense positive core of an atom holds protons and neutrons |
| Orbital | Region of space where up to 2 electrons can be found |
| Organic Compound | Carbon-based compound whose arrangement determines everything |
| Particle | Specific piece of matter (typically very small) |
| Proton | Positive particle that determines the identity of an atom |
| Pure Substance | Matter made of one type of particle. Cannot be physically separated |
| Separation (by Hand) | Physically picking pieces out of a mixture |
| Shell (Energy Level) | A large area of probability where electrons are likely to be found |
| Solid | Phase with particles tightly packed into a set shape |
| Solution | An even mix of one or more solutes in a solvent |
| Subatomic Particle | A piece of an atom (proton, neutron, electron) |
| Subshell (Block) | A sub-division of a shell (s, p, d, f) |
| Suspension | A temporary mix of large particles that settle on standing |
| Valence Electrons | Outermost layer that determines all chemical reactions |
| Atomic Number | Number of protons (determines the element) |
| Condensation | Physical change of state from Gas to Liquid |
| Deposition | Physical change of state from Gas to Solid |
| Evaporation | Physical change of state from Liquid to Gas |
| Freezing | Physical change of state from Liquid to Solid |
| Melting | Physical change of state from Solid to Liquid |
| Settling | Substances naturally separating by density over time |
| Solute | Substance(s) dissolved within the solvent of a solution |
| Solvent | Substance that does the dissolving in a solution |
| Sublimation | Physical change of state from Solid to Gas |
| Tyndall Effect | Scattering of light by microscopic colloidal particles |
