| A | B |
|---|
| DNA(deoxribonucleic acid) | the hereditary material of all organisms, which contains the instructins for all cellular activities |
| alleles | a version of a particular gene |
| mutation | an error in the linear sequence (gene) of a DNA molecule |
| mutagens | a substance that increases the chance that a genetic mutation will occur |
| heredity | the passing of traits from parent to offspring |
| Human Genome project | the effort to determine the DNA sequence of the entire human genome |
| gene | the segment of DNA that contains the genetic information for a given trait or protein |
| ribosomes | the small organelle at which protein synthesis occurs |
| punnett squares | a method to figure the probable results of a genetic cross |
| heterozygous | containing two different alleles for a given gene |
| homozygous | containing two identical alleles for a given gene |
| nucleus | the structure within the cell where the genetic material is stored |
| dominant | the allele |
| resessive | the allele of a gene not expressed in the heterozygous individual..trait does not show in organism |
| cloning | the creation of a new individual from one cell of another individual |
| 23 pair | the number of chromosomes in the human cells (except the gamates and red blood cells) |
| gamate | the haploid sex cells, the egg or sperm |
| genotype | the combination of alleles in an individual |
| phenotype | the physical expression of a gene in an organism |
| karyotype | picture of a full set of chromosomes arranged by size and shape |
