| A | B |
|---|
| technology | The use of scientific knowledge and tools to make or do something. |
| navigation | The science of planning and following a route. |
| expedition | A trip taken with the goal of exploring. |
| empire | A collection of lands ruled by the nation that wom control of them. |
| entrepreneur | A person who sets up and runs a business. |
| cost | The effort made to achieve or gain something. |
| benefit | A reward is gained. |
| Reconquista | The movement to make Spain all Catholic;also called the Reconquest. |
| isthmus | A narrow strip of land that connects two larger areas. |
| treaty | An agreement between countries about peace,trade,or other matters. |
| grant | A sum of money or other payment given for a particular purpose. |
| conquistador | Any of the Spanish conquerors in the Americas during the early 1500s. |
| reform | To change. |
| Reformation | A Christian movement that began in sixteenth-century Europe as an attempt to reform the Catholic Church;resulted in the founding of Protestantism. |
| Counter-Reformation | A time when the Catholic church banned books and used in courts to punish people who protested Catholic ways. |
| missionary | A religious teacher sent out by a church to spread its religion. |
| Northwest Passage | A waterway in North America thought to connect the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. |
| mutiny | Rebellion against the leader of one's group. |
| colony | A land ruled by another country. |
| plantation | A large farm. |
| slavery | The practice of holding people against their will and making them work. |
| borderlands | Areas of land on or near the countries between countries, colonies or regions. |
| presidio | A Spanish fort. |
| mission | A small religious settlement. |
| hacienda | A large state or home where cattle and sheep are raised. |
| raw material | A resource that can be used to make a product. |
| stock | Part ownership in a business. |
| cash crop | A crop that people grow to sell. |
| profit | The money left over after all costs have been paid. |
| indentured servant | A person who agreed to work for another person without paid for a certain length of time in exchange for passage to North America. |
| legislature | The law making branch of a government. |
| represent | To speak for. |
| royal colony | A colony ruled directly by a monarchy. |
| pilgrim | A person who makes a journey for religious reasons. |
| compact | An agreement. |
| self-government | A system of government in which people make their own laws. |
| majority rule | The political idea that the majority of an organized group should have the power to make decisions for the whole group |
| demand | A need or a desire for a good or service by people willing to pay for it. |
| supply | An amount of a good that is offered for sale. |
| ally | A partner. |
| propietary colony | A colony owned and ruled by one person who was chosen by a king or queen. |
