| A | B |
|---|
| Supreme Court Ruling McCulloch v. Maryland | Ruled Congress has implied powers under Necessary and Proper Cluase |
| Implied Powers | powers not explicitly named in the constitution but assumed to exist due to their being necessary |
| Necessary and Proper Clause | Congress has the power, “To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution |
| The Necessary and Proper Clause is found in? | Article 1 Section 8 |
| McCulloch v. Maryland | Congress had the power to create the Second Bank of the United States |
| Who was the Chief Justices in McCulloch v. Maryland | John Marshall |
| One of the results of the McCulloch v. Maryland was? | Repudiated radical states rights arguments |
| One of the main issues in McCulloch v. Maryland was? | the constitutionality of the creation of the Second Bank |
| Who controlled the Second Bank of the United States | Private Stockholders |
| The Second Bank of the United States was___ | the depository of Federal Funds |
| The BUS had______ | The authority to issue notes that, along with the notes of states banks, circulated as legal tender. |
| How did the State banks see the BUS | they saw it as a competitor and resented its privileged position |
| When states banks begin to fail who do they blame | they blamed their troubles on the bank |
| What state blamed the BUS for some of its failures | Maryland |
| What was a common banking practice in Maryland | Maryland imposed a hefty tax on any bank not charted within the state |
| James McCulloch | was the head of the Baltimore Branch Bank of United States |
| The Bank of the United States and James McCulloch were sued_____ | because they refused to pay the state tax |
| How did James McCulloch respond to the tax | he said that the tax was unconstitutional |
| How did the State Courts rule under McCulloch v. Maryland | Both the state court and the court of appeals ruled in favor of Maryland |
| How did the Supreme Court of the United States Rule | In favor of McCulloch and the Bank of the United States |
| In a unanimous opinion Chief Justice Marshall wrote | that the Bank of the United States was constitutional & that Maryland's tax was unconstitutional |
| How did the Supreme Court Justify the Creation of the Bank | Concerning the power of Congress to charter a bank, the Court turned to the Necessary and Proper Clause of Article 1 section 8 |
| Enumerated Powers | are a list of items found in Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution that set forth the authority of Congress. |
| Which of the following are Enumerated Powers | The powers to regulate commerce, collect taxes and borrow money |
| Why did Maryland lack the power to tax | due to the Supremacy Clause of Article VI of the Constitution |
| Supremacy Clause | The government is supreme within its sphere of actions and its laws, when made in pursuance of the constitution |
| Sovereignty | Political authority |
| What is significant about McCulloch v. Maryland | It was the first time the court used its power to shape the laws of the land |
| In their opinion what did the court say about Maryland taxing the BUS | Maryland's tax violated constitutional sovereignty because it acted as levy against all the people in the U.S. |
