| A | B |
|---|
| Cyrus the Great | led a Persian revolt against the Medes, which won the independence for Persia and conquered the Medes, this marked the beginning of the Persian Empire |
| calvary | unit of soldiers who ride horses |
| Darius | claimed the throne and killed al his rivals for power |
| Persian Wars | wars between the Persians and Greece |
| Xerxes I | Darius' son that tried to conquer Greece |
| alliance | agreement to work together |
| Peloponnesian War | war between Athens and Sparta that threatened to tear all of Greece apart |
| Phillip II | king of Macedonia, first invaded Greece, but eventually became a Greek leader |
| Phalanx | a group of warrior who stood close together in a square |
| Alexander the Great | made efforts to build an empire - became one of the greatest conquerors |
| Hellenistic | Greek-like |
| Socrates | believed that people must never stop looking for knowledge; teacher and thinker |
| Plato | student of Socrates; teacher and philosopher; created a school |
| Aristotle | Plato's student; taught that people should live lives in moderation, or balance; reason |
| reason | clear and ordered thinking |
| Euclid | mathematician |
| Hippocrates | greatest Greek doctor |
