| A | B |
|---|
| genetics | The study of heredity |
| purebred | On organism that is the offspring of parents with similar genetic makeups |
| cross | The process of mating organisms to test how they inherit traits. |
| hybrid | An offspring of two genetically unrelated individuals. |
| dominant | Refers to the characteristic that is expressed, even when a recessive gene is present. |
| recessive | Refers to the characteristic that is masked when a dominant gene is present. |
| phenotype | The way an organism looks |
| genotype | The specific factors (genes) an organism contains in its genetic makeup. |
| zygote | A diploid cell formed by the union of two gametes. |
| Punnett square | A diagram used to visualize genetic crosses. |
| gamete | A haploid cell that contains only one of each type chromosome found in an organism; egg or sperm |
| incomplete dominance | A type of inheritance in which the genes expressing a particular characteristic are neither dominant nor recessive. |
| codominance | A type of inheritance pattern where the dominant and recessive traits are both expressed. |
| multiple gene inheritance | Two or more gene pairs producing a single trait. |
| X chromosome | Female sex chromosome |
| Y chromosome | Male sex chromosome |
| sex-linked trait | A characteristic that has a gene on the X chromosome but no gene on the Y chromosome. |
| carrier | An individual that possesses a gene for a specific trait, even if he does not exhibit the trait. |
| inherited disorder | An abnormal characteristic passed on through genes. |
