| A | B |
|---|
| Ad Hominem | “Against the man”; diversionary tactic of switching the argument from issue a hand to the character of the speaker |
| Ad populum (bandwagon appeal) | When evidence boils down to “everybody’s doing it, so it must be a good thing to do” |
| Appeal to false authority | When someone who has no expertise to speak on an issue is cited as an authority |
| Begging the question | Fallacy in which a claim is based on evidence or support that is in doubt; statement or claim is assumed to be true without evidence other than the statement or claim itself. |
| Circular reasoning | Fallacy in which the writer repeats the claim as a way to provide information |
| Either/or fallacy (false dilemma) | Fallacy in which the speaker presents two extreme options as the only possible choices |
| Faulty Analogy | Fallacy that occurs when an analogy compares two things that are not comparable. |
| Hasty Generalization | Fallacy in which a faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate evidence |
| Post hoc, ergo procter hoc | Fallacy based on the idea that that correlation does not imply causation; it is incorrect to always claim that something is a cause just because it happened earlier |
| Straw man | Fallacy that occurs when a speaker chooses a deliberately poor or oversimplified example in order to ridicule or refute an idea |
