| A | B |
|---|
| mutation | A change in the genetic material of a cell |
| lethal mutation | A mutation that causes death |
| gene mutation | A change in the sequence of the nucleotides in a gene. |
| somatic mutation | A mutation that occurs in the body cells (those cells that do not make gametes.) |
| germ mutation | A mutation in a gamete or gamete forming cell. |
| chromosomal change | A change involving the number of chromosomes or the number of location of genes in a chromosome. |
| diploid | Having one pair of each type of chromosome in an organism. |
| selective breeding | Choosing certain organisms with desirable traits to breed in the hope that their offspring also will have the desired traits |
| inbreeding | The mating of closely related organisms. |
| breed | A group of organisms that is purebred for certain characteristics. |
| crossbreeding | Breeding animals from different varieties to produce a breed with traits of both parents. |
| genetic engineering | the use of special techniques to control the genetic makeup of an organism. |
| Human Genome Project | Creation of a map of the human genome by finding the location of every human gene; completed in 2003 |
