| A | B |
|---|
| acr/o | extremity |
| adren/o | adrenal gland |
| crine | to excrete |
| -edema | swelling |
| end/o | within |
| exo | out, away from |
| gluc/o | sweet, sugar |
| gonad | seed |
| -one | hormone |
| thyr/o | thryoid, shield |
| acromegaly | hormonal disorder that results from the overproduction of GH by the pituitary gland |
| Addison's disease | condition in which the cortex of the adrenal gland is damaged, decreasing production of adrenocortical hormones, usually resulting from an autoimmune disorder but also caused by infection, cancer, or hemorrhage into the glands |
| adenoma | tumor of a gland |
| adrenal glands | located on top of each kidney |
| androgen | Hormones that produce or stimulate the development of male charateristics |
| cardiomegaly | enlargement of the heart |
| Cushing's disease | a rare disorder that develops when too much cortisol is released by the adrenal cortex as a result of stimulation of the pituitary |
| diabetes mellitus | condition in which the body is unable to produce enough insulin to properly control blood sugar levels by converting sugar and starches into energy |
| dwarfism | condition characterized by shorter than normal skeletal growth. |
| Endocrinologist | Physician who specializes in the study of the endocrine glands |
| epinephrine | Hormone produced by the adrenal medulla; used as a vasoconstrictor and cardiac stimulant to relax bronchospasm and to relieve allergic symptoms |
| exophthalmos | condition produced by hyperthyroidism in which the eyeballs produce beyond their normal protective orbit because of swelling in the tissues behind them |
| exocrine | external secretion of a gland |
| gestational diabetes | condition in which the body is unable to produce enough insulin to properly control blood sugar levels by converting sugar and starches into energy; occurring during pregnancy and typically disappearing afterward |
| gigantism | results from excessive secretion of GH during childhood, before the closure of the bone growth plates |
| goiter | enlarged thyroid gland, most commonly caused by Hashimoto's thyroiditis and autoimmune inflammation of the thyroid |
| Grave's disease | the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, an autoimmune disorder in which the antibodies produce by the immune system stimulate the thyroid to produce too much throxine |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | autoimmune inflammation of the thyroid that causes hyperthyroidism and goiter |
| hormone | chemical substance produced by the endocrine glands |
| hyperthyroidism | condition in which the thyroid produces inadequate amounts of hormones which can lead to an enlarged thyroid gland |
| hydrocortisone | glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex; used as in anti-inflammatory agent |
| insulin-independent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) | condition in which the body is unable to produce enough insulin to properly control blood sugar levels by converting sugar and starches in energy; typically diagnosed in children |
| iodine | trace mineral that ads in the development and functioning of the thyroid gland |
| islets of Langerhans | cluster of cells in the pancreas that secrete glucagons, insulin, and somatostatin |
| lethargic | pertaining to drowsiness, sluggish |
| lipolysis | destruction of fats |
| myxedema | rare, life threatening condition that result from long-term, untreated hyperthyroidism |
| non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) | condition in which the body is unable to properly control blood sugar levels, resulting from insulin resistance combined with a relative insulin deficiency; often diagnosed later in life and having a very strong correlation with obesity |
| parathyroid glands | located around the dorsal and lower aspects of the thyroid gland |
| pineal gland | located at the posterior end of the corpus callosum in the brain |
| pituitary gland | located near the base of the brain in the sella turcica, a small depression of the sphenoid bone; also known as the master gland |
| thymus gland | lymphoid tissue located in the chest, in anterior mediastinum, that manufactures infection-fighting T cells |
| thyroid gland | gland in the neck that is responsible for metabolism and secretes thyroxine, triiodthyronine, and calcitonin |
| thyroidectomy | surgical excision of the thyroid gland |
| steroids | group of chemical substances that includes hormones, vitamins, sterols, cardiac glycosides and certain drugs |
| -one | hormone |
| nephr/o renal | kidney |
| Lutienizing Hormone (LH) | is a hormone that is vital to reproduction. It is produced by the pituitary gland. LH helps regulate your mentrual cycle and ovulation, |
| gonad | seed |
