| A | B |
| John Jay | US first supreme court justice; New York lawyer and diplomat |
| Thomas Jefferson | 1st secretary of state and US minister to France |
| Alexander Hamilton | 1st secretary of treasury |
| strict construction | narrow or strict interpretation of the Constitution |
| loose construction | a broad or flexible interpretation of the Constitution |
| Battle of Fallen Timbers | 1794, an American army defeated 2000 Native Americans in a clash over control of the Northwest Territory |
| Treaty of Greenville | agreement in which 12 Native American tribes surrendered much of present day Ohio and Indiana to the US government |
| Whiskey Rebellion | protest against the government's tax on whiskey, which was valuable to the livelihood of backcountry farmers |
| French Revolution | French launched a movement for liberty and equality |
| neutral | not siding with one country or another |
| Jay's Treaty | agreement that ended dispute over American shipping during the French Revolution |
| Pinckney's Treaty | agreement with Spain that allowed Americans to sue the Mississippi River and to store goods in New Orleans; made the 31st parallel the southern US border |
| foreign policy | relations with the governments of other countries |