| A | B |
|---|
| biotechnology | technology concerning the application of biological and engineering techniques to microorganisms, plants and animals. |
| biotechnology | regulated in the United States to ensure the safety of products. Regulatory agencies include the United State Department of Agriculture, the Food and Drug Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency. |
| Monoclonal Antibody Diagnostic Testing | fast and accurate method of testing for diseases such as brucellosis and diagnosing pregnancy. |
| Disease treatment | improved treatment for diseases and disorders such as scours, parasites, shipping fever and diseases caused by viruses and bacteria. |
| Genetically Engineered Vaccines | pure and safe substances that control animal diseases. Cannot cause the disease because they are not live disease causing agents as are traditional vaccines. |
| Transgenic animals | animals that have a recombinant gene in all their cells that can be used to produce medicine for humans. |
| Bovine Somatotrophin (bsT) | genetically engineered bovine somatotrophin that helps cattle increase milk production. |
| Porcine Somatotrophin (psT) | genetically engineered porcine somatotrophin that increases feed efficiency and reduces fat. |
| Embryo transfer | removing and implanting embryos into surrogate animals. The technology that opened the door for biotechnology to be used in animal reproduction |
| Cloning | makes animals with identical genetics. |
| Gene Transfer | produces transgenic animals |
| Genomics | the study of all the genes of an organism. Evaluates specific DNA sequences of individual animals to predict their genetic merit and future productivity. |
| Advantages of Embryo Transfer | 1. Genes of the female (dam) can be passed to more offspring faster than natural breeding. 2. Extend the productive life a female that can no longer carry offspring. |
| Disadvantages of Embryo Transfer | 1. Cost. 2. Requires intensive management. |
| Advantages of cloning cattle using nuclear transfer | 1. Increase herd uniformity. 2. Increase herd quality. 3. Produce genetically identical animals. |
| Disadvantages of cloning cattle using nuclear transfer | 1. Lower conception rates. AA22 Animal Science II Summer 2013 Page 104 2. Cost. 3. Not currently practical for producers, but still used in research. |
