| A | B |
|---|
| Independent Variable | what changes in experiment |
| Dependent Variable | what is measured in experiment |
| Constants | what stays same in experiment |
| Density | amount of mass in a volume |
| Displacement | from starting to end point |
| Velocity | speed + direction |
| Speed | distance/time |
| Acceleration | change in velocity |
| Force | push or pull |
| Net Force | sum of all forces |
| Unbalanced Force | object moves |
| Balanced Force | object stays still |
| Inertia | tendency of an object to stay at rest/in motion |
| Newton's 1st Law | object wont move unless an unbalanced force acts on it |
| Newton's 2nd Law | bigger the force = more the acceleration |
| Newton's 3rd Law | every action there is = and opposite reaction |
| Static Friction | friction between 2 objects w/o motion |
| Momentum | mass x velocity |
| Law of Conservation of Momentum | momentum is transferred. Not lost or gained |
| Work | force and movement in same direction |
| Power | how fast work is done |
| Kinetic Energy | energy of moving objects |
| Potential Energy | energy of still objects |
| Elastic Energy | energy of stretchy objects |
| Gravitational Potential Energy | energy of objects above ground |
| Chemical Energy | energy of objects that fuel |
| Mechanical Energy | total amount of energy |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | energy changes forms - never gain/lose |
| Reflection | wave bounces off object |
| Refraction | waves goes through 2 mediums |
| Diffraction | wave bends around object |
| Doppler Effect | closer = high frequency |
| Resoncance | vibration of an object |
| Medium | solid, liquid, gas |
| Wavelength | from one point on wave to identical point |
| Frequency | # of crests to pass point in 1 second |
| Ampitude | amount of energy in wave |
| Transverse wave | wave moves up/down - perpendicular |
| Longitudinal wave | wave moves side/side - parallel |
| Electromagnetic wave | doesnt need a medium to travel |
| Electromagnetic Spectrum | Radio,Micro,Infrared,Visible,Ultraviolet,X-ray,Gamma |
| Kinetic Theory | particles are always moving and colliding |
| Thermal Exansion | when particles get hot, space between them expands |
| Atomic # | # of protons |
| Mass # | # of protons + neutrons |
| Isotops | same element, different # of neutrons |
| Bohr Model | shows total # of electrons |
| Lewis structure | show only valence electrons |
| Valance Electrons | electrons in outer energy level |
| Ions | charged atom |
| Cations | positive charged ion |
| Anions | negative charged ion |
| Ionic Bond | bond between metal + nonmetal - transfers electrons |
| Covalent Bond | bond between nonmetal + nonmetal - shares electrons |
| Reactants | elements on left side of chemical equation |
| Products | elements on right side of chemical equation |
| Nebula | collection of gas and dust |
| Main Sequence | 90% of all stars; fusion = gravity |
| Nuclear Fusion | process that fuels stars; H+H=He |
| Red Giant | fusion slows; gravity condenses star |
| Continental Drift | Alfred Wegener; continents slowly move |
| Sea-Floor Spreading | Harry Hess; new sea floor is being created |
| Lithosphere | crust |
| Asthenosphere | jelly like layer that crust floats on; converction currents located here |
| Mesosphere | mantle |
| Outer Core | liquid iron |
| Inner core | solid spinning iron, responsible for magnetic field |
| Convergent | 2 plates collide |
| Divergent | 2 plates seperate |
| Transform | 2 plates slide past on another |
| Convection Currents | movement of heat in asthenosphere responsible for plate tectonics |
| Absolute Age | exact age |
| Relative Age | older/younger |
| Half-Life | time it takes for half of isotope to decay |
| Pre-Cambrian | earliest life - cyanobacteria - responsible for oxygen |
| Paleozoic | marine life - pangea formed |
| Mesozoic | reptiles - pangea split |
| Cenozoic | mammals - humans - mountains |
