| A | B |
|---|
| alga | any simple plantlike nonvascular photosynthetic autotroph |
| ameba | a bloblike protist that uses its pseudopods to move and to obtain food |
| angiosperm | a plant whose seeds are contained in an ovary |
| annual | a plant that completes its life cycle within one growing season |
| antibiotic | a chemical that destroys or weakens harmful microorganisms |
| autotroph | an organism that obtains energy by making its own food |
| biennial | a plant that completes its life cycle in two years |
| binomial nomenclature | the naming system devised by Linnaeus in which each organism is given two names: a genus name and a species name |
| brown alga | an alga that contains brown accessory pigments and belongs to the phylum Phaeophyta |
| cilia | hair-like projections on the outside of cells that move |
| ciliate | an animallike protist that possesses cilia at some point in its life |
| cone | in plants, a reproductive structure of a gymnosperm |
| decomposer | an organism that breaks down dead organisms into simpler substances, thereby returning important materials to the soil |
| diatom | a plantlike protist that has a beautiful two-part glassy shell |
| dinoflagellate | a plantlike protist that typically has cell walls that look like plates of armor and possesses two flagella, one of which trails from one end like a tail and the other of which wraps around the middle of the organism like a belt |
| euglena | a plantlike flagellate protist that belongs to the genus Euglena and is characterized by a pouch that holds two flagella, a reddish eyespot, and a number of grass-green chloroplasts that are used in photosynthesis |
| flagellum | a long whiplike structure that propels a cell through its environment |
| flower | a reproductive structure of an angiosperm |
| fruit | a ripened ovary of a plant that encloses and and water protects the seed or seeds |
| fungus | a heterotroph, usually multicellular, that releases chemicals that digest the substance on which it is growing and then absorbs the digested food; multicellular fungi are made up of threadlike hyphae; many fungi reproduce by means of spores |
| genus | the second-smallest taxonomic group; a genus consists of a number of similar, closely related species; a number of closely related genera make up a family |
| green alga | an alga that gets its color from the green pigment chlorophyll and belongs to the phylum Chlorophyta |
| gymnosperm | a plant whose seeds are not contained in an ovary |
| heterotroph | an organism that cannot make its own. food and thus must eat other organisms in order to obtain energy |
| host | a living thing that provides a home and/or food for a parasite |
| hypha | one of the branching, threadlike tubes that makes up the body of a multicellular fungus |
| leaf | a structure in vascular plants whose main function is typically photosynthesis |
| lichen | a plantlike structure that is formed by a fungus and an alga that live together |
| mold | a fuzzy, shapeless, fairly flat multicellular fungus |
| mushroom | a multicellular fungus shaped like an umbrella |
| nonvascular plant | a plant that lacks vascular tissue |
| ovule | a structure in a female cone or flower that contains an eggs cell and develops into a seed |
| paramecium | a slipper-shaped ciliate protist that belongs to the genus Paramecium |
| parasite | an organism that survives by living on or in a host organism, thus harming it |
| perennial | a plant that lives for many years |
| petal | a colorful leaflike flower structure that serves to attract pollinators |
| phloem | plant vascular tissue that carries food |
| photosynthesis | the food- making process that involves chlorophyll, in which light energy is used to make food (glucose) from carbon dioxide and water |
| pigment | a colored chemical; plant pigments are often associated with photosynthesis |
| pistil | a female reproductive organ in a flower, which consists of a stigma, style, and ovule-containing ovary |
| pollen | tiny grains that can be thought of as containing sperm cells, which are produced by male cones and flowers |
| pollination | the process by which pollen is carried from male reproductive structures to female reproductive structures |
| protist | a unicellular organism that contains a nucleus |
| pseudopod | a temporary extension of the cell membrane and cytoplasm used in feeding and/ or movement |
| red alga | an alga that contains red accessory pigments and belongs to the phylum Rhodophyta |
| root | a structure in vascular plants whose main functions are typically absorption and anchorage |
| Sarcodine | an animallike protist : that possesses pseudopods |
| sepal | a leaflike structure that protects a developing flower |
| slime mold | a funguslike protist that is a microscopic amebalike cell at one stage of its life cycle and a large, moist, flat, shapeless blob at another stage; slime molds produce reproductive structures known as fruiting bodies, which contain spores |
| species | the smallest and most specific taxonomic group, which consists of individuals that are quite similar in appearance and behavior and that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring |
| spore | a cell, usually surrounded by a protective wall, that is specialized either for reproduction or for a resting stage; the reproductive cells produced by most fungi are known as spores |
| sporozoan | a parasitic animallike protist that has a complex life cycle involving more than one kind of host animal and that typically produces cells called spores in order to pass from one host to another |
| stamen | a male reproductive organ in a flower, which consists of a filament topped by a pollen-producing anther |
| stem | a structure in vascular plants whose main functions are typically to carry materials between the roots and leaves and to support the plant |
| symbiosis | a relationship in which one organism lives on, near, or even inside another organism and at least one of the organisms benefits |
| tropism | in plants, the growth of a plant toward or away from a stimulus |
| vascular plant | a plant that has vascular tissue |
| virus | a disease-causing particle consisting of hereditary material enclosed in a protein coat that is smaller and less complex than a cell |
| xylem | plant vascular tissue that carries water and minerals from the roots up through a plant a:i1d that also helps to support a plant |
| yeast | a unicellular fungus |
| zooflagellate | an animallike protist that possesses flagella |
