| A | B |
|---|
| Urbanization | The growth of cities caused overcrowding, tenements, dirty streets and pollution. |
| Child Labor | Children had to work to earn enough money for the family to survive. They therefore could not go to school and they were treated poorly. |
| Pendleton Act | United States federal law, enacted in 1883, which established that positions within the federal government should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of political affiliation. Goal was to elminiate patronage in city jobs due to political coruption. |
| Social Gospel Movement | Along with Populism, inspired the progressive movement. |
| Social Darwinism | Monopolies and trust were created and therefore made competition difficult for small businesses and increased political corruption. |
| Prohibition | The Temperance Movement and the country dealing with the problem of alcoholism in our country. |
| Suffrage | Right to vote. |
| Infrastructure | The facilities and equipment required for an organization or community to function. Including: roads, sewage, and power systems and transportation |
| Secret ballot (or open) | Allowed for people to vote in private without anyone knowing who they voted for. |
| Direct primary | To allow voters to elect candidates to run in an election so they would have more say in who their candidates would be. |
| Recall election | to vote someone out of office before the end of their term. |
| Initiative | Enables citizens to propose and pass laws directly without involving state legistlatures. |
| Referendum | Law passed by state legistlative is on the ballot for approval or rejection of the voters. |
| NAACP | An organization created to gain equal rights for African Americans including desegregation and anti-lynching laws. |
| Political Machine | Organization will full-time politicians whose main goal was to get and keep political power and the money and influence that went with it. (Political bosses at top controlled machine and its politicians) |
| Muckrakers | Jouranalists that exposed the negative effects of industrialization to the U.S. |
| Progressives | People who offered solutions to the social and political problems in America in the early 1900s |
| Square Deal | Theodore Roosevelt's plan which focused on regulating big business, protecting workers and consumers and preserving the environment. |
| Federal Reserve System | To regulate the nation's moeny supply and prevent future economic panics. (Act was signed by President Wilson). |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | To ensure safety of food and drugs before they went to market (sold to consumers). |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | To curb monopolies. |
| Meat Inspection Act | To ensure the safety of meat before it goes to the public. |
