| A | B |
|---|
| old immigrants | a term often used for an immigrant who arrived in the United States before 1880s |
| new immigrants | a term often used for an immigrant who arrived in the United States beginning in the 1880s |
| steerage | the area on a ship in the lower levels where the steering mechanisms were located and where cramped quarters were provided for people who could only afford cheap passage |
| benevolent societies | an aid organization formed by immigrant communities |
| tenements | poorly built,overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived |
| sweatshops | hot,stuffy workshops in which workers prepare materials for low wages |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | a law passed by Congress that banned Chinese from immigrating to the United States for 10 years |
| mass transit | public transportation |
| suburbs | a neighborhood outside of a downtown area |
| mass culture | leisure and cultural activities shared by many people |
| Joseph Pulitzer | in 1896 added a color comic to his New York World newspaper |
| William Randolph Hearst | publisher of the New York Journal saw that comics helped sell newspapers |
| department stores | giant retail shop |
| Frederick Law Olmsted | He designed Central Park in New York City |
| Jacob Riis | became famous for exposing the horrible conditions in New York City tenements |
| settlement houses | neighborhood centers staffed by proffesionals and volunteers for education,recreation,and social activities in poor areas |
| Jane Addams | and Hellen Gates moved into a run-down building in a poor Chicago neigborhood and turned it into Hull House |
| Hull House | a settlement house founded by Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr in 1889 |
| Florence Kelley | was one important reformer at Hull House,became chief factory inspector |
