| A | B |
|---|
| Organisms of the same species that live in the same place at the same time and compete for resources such as food and water | Population |
| Any physical characteristic or behavior that helps an organism to better survive | Adaptation |
| Having a variety of traits | Diversity |
| Sections of DNA that determine traits | Genes |
| The total number of different genes available to a species | Gene pool |
| A process that changes the gene pool just because of chance | Genetic draft |
| The result of a new colony formed by a small population with a limited gene pool | Founder effect |
| The formation of a new species | Speciation |
| A separation of a population due to a physical barrier | Geographic isolation |
| A type of isolation that occurs when a species develops different reproductive cycles | Temporal isolation |
| A type of isolation between populations due to differences in courtship or other mating behavior | Behavioral isolation |
| A technique that ages a fossil as older or younger than other fossils based on its location in sedimentary rock layers | Relative dating |
| A technique for approximating the actual age of a fossil by measuring the amounts of radioactive isotopes present | Radiometric dating |
| The idea that evolution is not always gradual but that changes in a species may occur rapidly for short periods of time | Punctuated equilibrium |
| Structures in different species that have similar internal structures even though they may function differently | Homologous structures |
| Structures in different species that have similar functions by are structurally different | Analogous structures |
| Structures in a species that have no useful purpose | Vestigial organs |
| The study of how plants and animals are distributed around the world | Biogeography |
| The pattern of evolution that shows new species being formed from a common ancestor | Divergent evolution |
| A type of divergent evolution in which one species splits into many different related species | Adaptive radiation |
| The pattern of evolution that show unrelated species evolving similar characteristics | Convergent evolution |
| The patter of evolution that shows two species evolving together | Coevolution |
