| A | B |
|---|
| The next largest taxon used for plants under kingdom; same as "phylum" used in other kingdoms | Division |
| Scientists who study plants | Botanists |
| Tubes that move water and nutrients throughout some plants | Vascular tissue |
| Plants that do not contain vascular tissue; examples: mosses and liverworts | Non-vascular plants |
| Plants that contain vascular tissue but produce spores instead of seeds; examples: ferms | Seedless vascular plants |
| Vascular plants that may produce seeds in a cone; example: pine tree | Gymnosperms |
| Vascular plants that produce seeds by flowers; example: apple trees | Angiosperms |
| A term used to describe all non-vascular plants such as mosses, liverworts, and hornworts | Bryophytes |
| Root-like structures that anchor mosses | Rhizoids |
| Having two stages or reproduction, a gametophyte stage with haploid (n) cells and a sporophyte stage with diploid cells (2n) | Alternation of generations |
| A term for all vascular plants | Tracheophyte |
| The tissues that transport water and nutrients up the plant (from the roots up the stem and to the leaves) | Xylem |
| The tissues that carry food from the leaves to wherever it is needed | Phloem |
| The thick underground stems of ferms | Rhizomes |
| The leaves of ferns | Fronds |
| Brownish spore cases found on the underside of fern fronds | Sporangia |
| The leaf part of an embryo that is present in a seed; also called the seed leaf | Cotyledon |
| Flowering plant that has only one cotyledon per seed | Monocot |
| Flowering plant that has two cotyledons per seed | Dicot |
| Female part of the flower | Pistil |
| The part of the pistil that contains the egg cells | Ovary |
| Male part of the flower | Stamen |
| The part of the stamen that produces pollen | Anther |
| Small structures that contain sperm cells | Pollen |
| In angiosperms, the transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female pistil | Pollination |
| The union of sperm and egg | Fertilization |
| Undifferentiated plant tissue that is responsible for cell division | Meristematic tissue |
| The tissue that makes up the outer surface of a leaf, stem, etc. | Dermal tissue |
| Tissue that makes up most of a plant | Ground tissue |
| The process of losing water through a plant's leaves | Transpiration |
| The waxy coating on leaves | Cuticle |
| The middle layer of cells in a leaf that contain chloroplasts | Mesophyll |
| Plant organelle that carries out photosynthesis | Chloroplast |
| Openings usually on the underside of a leaf that allow carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen and water to escape | Stomata |
| Cells on either side of a stoma that cause the stoma to open or close | Guard cells |
| Part of a plant stem often used in storage | Pith |
| A part of a plant stem used to store sugar and proteins to be used during spring growth | Cortex |
| The outside layer of cells on leaves and stems | Epidermis |
| Undifferentiated cells between the xylem and phloem that allow for growth | Cambium |
| Characteristics that help an organism to survive in its environment | Adaptations |
| Roots that grow in unusual places, such as on the stem of a plant | Adventitious roots |
| Roots that grow partially in the air and partially in the ground | Prop roots |
| A type of gymnosperm that produces seeds in cones | Conifer |
