| A | B |
|---|
| organism | living thing |
| biology | the science of life |
| unicellular | organisms composed of only one cell |
| multicellular | organisms composed of more than one cell |
| differentiation | when cells become differentfrom each other as they multiplied based on their genetic instructions |
| homeostasis | stable level of internal conditions |
| reproduction | transmitting genetic material to the offspring |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| gene | a short segment of DNA that contains instructions for the development of a single trait |
| sexual reproduction | when hereditary information from two parts of a single organism or from two organisms of the same species is combined |
| asexual reproduction | hereditary information from different organisms is not combined |
| evolve | change over time |
| natural selection | a theory that organisms with the best traits are better able to successfully reproduce than those organisms with the traits |
| ecology | the study of the interactions between an organism with one another and the environment |
| ecosystems | environmental communities |
| photosyntheis | capturing light energy from the sun for food production |
| autotrophs | "self feeders" organisms capable of making their own food |
| heterotrophs | "different feeders" organisms that cannot make their own food |
| metabolism | the sum of all cemical processes that occur in an organism |
| cell division | the formation of two cells from one existing cell |
| development | the process by which an adult organism arises |
| data | any and all information that scientists gather in order to answer their questions |
| observation | employing one of the five senses to perceive objects or events |
| sampling | using a small part to represnt an entire population |
| hypothesis | a statement that both explains their observations and data and can be tested |
| prediction | a statement made in advance that states the results that will be obtained by testing the hypothesis |
| experiment | testing a hypothesis by gathering data under controlled conditions |
| controlled experiment | an experiment based on a comparison of the control group to the experimental group |
| control group | the group in a controlled experiment that is not being tested |
| experimental group | the group in a controlled experiment that is being tested |
| independent variable | the one difference between the control group and the experimental group |
| dependent variable | the factor in both groups that is driven from the independent variable |
| model | constructing a representation of an object |
| theory | a broad and comprehensive statement of what is thought to be true |
| inference | a conclusion made and the basis of facts of premises rather than on direct observations |
| microscope | an instrument that produces an enlarged image of an object |
| magnification | the increase of an object's apparent size |
| resolution | the power to show details clearly |
| compound light microscope | a microscope where the specimen is mounted on a glass slide |
| stage | where you put the slide |
| objective lens | one of the two lenses used to magnify the object |
| ocular | the other lens used to magnify the object; where you put your eye |
| nosepiece | the rotating part of the microscope that holds the objective lenses |
| power of magnification | the factor of enlargment (ocular x objective) |
| electron microscope | a beam of electrons is used instead of a beam of light to view the object |
| transmission electron microscope (TEM) | transmits a beam of electrons through a very thin slice of the object |
| scanning electron microscope (SEM) | makes three-dimensional images by coating the object with metal and then passing a beam of electrons over the object |
| SI | International System of Measurements (Metric System) |
| base units | one of seven fundamental units in the SI system that describes length, mass, time, etc. |
