| A | B |
|---|
| bias | predisposition toward; preference for one thing over another |
| complementary | completing; forming a whole |
| exploit | to take advantage of; to use for selfish or unethical purposes |
| inclinations | leanings toward; propensities for |
| predominance | superiority in control, force, or influence |
| preamble | an introductory statement |
| virtue | purity or virginity |
| sovereignty | independent rule or authority |
| bequeath | to pass on to heirs |
| rebuke | to reprimand or scold |
| frame story | a story that surrounds and binds together one or more different narratives in a single work |
| narrator | the character or voice that relates the story's events to the reader |
| verbal irony | occurs when a writer or character says one thing but means another |
| situational irony | occurs when a character or the reader expects one thing to happen but something else actually happens |
| dramatic irony | occurs when the reader or viewer knows something that a character does not know |
| irony | a contrast between expectation and reality |
| sarcasm | a type of verbal irony that refers to a critical remark expressed in a mocking fashion |
| satire | a literary technique in which ideas, customs, behaviors, or institutions are ridiculed for the purpose of improving society |
| heroic couplet | consists of two rhyming lines written in iambic pentameter |
| allegory | A story with the purpose of teaching a moral lesson |
| romance | A story focusing on the episodic adventures of knights and the challenges they face |
| PHYSIOGNOMY | The use of physical appearance to suggest attributes of a person’s character or personality |
| chivalry | an idealized system of manners and morals |
| motif | something that is repeated or reoccurs throughout a book, story, etc. such as an important idea or subject |
| simile | a figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid |
| allusion | a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance |
| poetry | a type of literature, or artistic writing, that attempts to stir a reader's imagination or emotions |
| Symbolism | using an object to represent an idea |
| syntax | the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language |
| figurative language | used to mean something other than what is written, something symbolic, suggested, or implied |
| connotation | the association or set of associations that a word usually brings to mind |
| assonance | repetition of vowel sounds followed by different consonants in two or more stressed syllables |
| blank verse | poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter lines |
| free verse | poetry not written in a regular rhythmical pattern, or meter |
| imagery | the descriptive or figurative language used in literature to create word pictures for the reader |
| meter | a poem's rhythmical pattern |
| narrative poem | a poem that tells a story |
| narration | a recital of events, especially in chronological order, as the story narrated in a poem or the exposition in a drama |
| point of view | perspective from which the story in narrated |
| symbol | images, ideas, sounds or words that represent something else and help to understand an idea or a thing |
| theme | a central idea or message |
| tone | the feeling of the author toward the subject |
| mood | the feeling a text creates in the reader |
| Alliteration | repetition of initial consonant sounds |
| Allusion | reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art. |
| couplet | a pair of rhyming lines usually of the same length and meter |
| denotation | a words dictionary meaning, independent of other associations that the word may have |
| diction | word choice |
| dramatic poetry | poetry that utilizes the techniques of drama |
| foreshadowing | the use in a literary work of clues that suggest events that have yet to occur |
| image | a word or phrase that appeals to one or more of the five senses |
| imagery | the descriptive or figurative language used in literature to create word pictures for the reader |
| verbal irony | words are used to suggest the opposite of what is meant |
| dramatic irony | there is a contradiction between what a character thinks and what the reader or audience knows to be true |
| situational irony | an event occurs that directly contradicts the expectations of the characters |
| lyric poem | a highly musical verse that expresses the observations and feelings of a single speaker |
| metaphor | a figure of speech in which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else |
| meter | a poem's rhythmical patter |
| moral | a lesson taught by a literary work |
| narrator | a speaker or character who tells a story |
| onomatopoeia | the use of words that imitate sounds |
| oral tradition | passing of songs, stories, and poems from generation to generation by word of mouth |
| personification | a type of figurative language in which a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics |
| prose | the ordinary form of written language |
| quatrain | a stanza or poem made up of four lines, usually with a definite rhythm and rhyme scheme |
| repetition | the use of any element of language--a sound, a word, a phrase, a clause, or a sentence--more than once |
| rhyme | the repetition of sounds at the ends of words |
| rhyme scheme | a regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem |
| rhythm | the patter of beats, or stresses, in spoken or written language |
| setting | the time and place of the action |
| simile | a figure of speech in which like or as is used to make a comparison between two basically unlike ideas |
| sonnet | a fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter |
| stanza | a formal division of lines in a poem, considered as a unit |
| theme | a central message or insight into life revealed through the literary work |
| extended metaphor | a comparison that does not use like or as and is longer than just a phrase |
| paradox | a statement that appears to contradict itself, yet might be true |
| slant rhyme | imperfect rhyme |
| parallelism | matching sentence structure |
| internal rhyme | rhyme between words within a line of poetry |
| pun | a play on words, usually involving more than one meaning of a word |
| euphemism | an indirect way of saying something harsh, off-color, or uncomfortable |
| ethos | persuading by appealing to credibility or trustworthiness |
| pathos | persuading by appealing to emotions |
| logos | persuading by appealing to logic |
| epiphany | a moment of sudden revelation or insight |
