| A | B |
|---|
| Seeing the lights of settlements when flying | Distribution has a pattern/not random= However, regular distribution in North America and other MDCs is NOT seen in LDCs |
| Importance of distribution of settlements (evident by pattern of lights on earth when flying) | In MDCs, the regular pattern of settlement reflects where services are provided |
| Employment: MDC | Majority of workers in MDCs are employed in the TERTIARY SECTOR ([i.e. Service Sector] provision of goods & services to people in exchange for payment) of the economy |
| Employment: LDC | Less than 10% of LDC's labor force provide services= Majority work in the PRIMARY SECTOR growing food |
| LDC and MDC: Employment/business cycle | In LDC, workers grow food (PRIMARY SECTOR work)= In MDC, people buy food in markets (people employed at market are examples of SERVICE-SECTOR workers) and customers pay for food with money earned in other SERVICE-SECTOR jobs |
| MDCs: Work | Most work in the TERTIARY/SERVICE sector of the economy= Smaller # work in factories or farms (i.e. PRIMARY and SECONDARY sectors) |
| Service | Any activity that fulfills a human want/need and returns money to those who provide it |
| How to see where services are distributed | Geographers see close link between services and settlements because services are located in settlements |
| Settlement | Permanent collection of buildings where people live/work/obtain services (services are located in settlements)= Range in size (from tiny rural villages of less than 100 people to huge metropolitan areas)= They occupy very small % of Earth's surface (way under 1%)= However, settlements are home to almost all humans because few people live in isolation |
| Explaining why services are clustered in settlements | On one hand, very straightforward because only 1 locational factor is critical for a service: proximity to the market= On the other hand, locating a service calls for much more precise geographic skills than locating a factory (EX: best location for a factory may be a very big area while best location for a service may be a very specific place [e.g. street corners]) |
| Optimal location of industry and service | Best location of industry requires balancing many site and situation factors= However, best location for a service is simply near its customers |
| According to service providers, what are the 3 critical factors in selecting a suitable (service) site? | "Location, location, and location"= Simply says that a successful service must carefully select its precise location |
| Differences in where industries and services can locate | Industries can locate in remote areas (almost anywhere) confident that resources will be brought to the location if necessary= However, distribution of services must heavily follow the distribution of where people live, within a city/country/or world region |
| Are services located simply based on where people live? | No!= If that were so, than China and India would have the most services rather than the US and other MDCs |
| Where and why do services cluster? | Cluster in MDCs because more people able to buy services live there= In MDCs, bigger cities offer a larger scale of services than do small towns because more customers reside ther |
| Observable trends in the distribution of services | (Like other economic/cultural features), can see trends toward both globalization and local diversity in the distribution of services |
| Describe the globalization trend of services | Provision of services in increasingly uniform from 1 urban settlement to another (especially within MDCs)= Every urban settlement in US above certain size has a branch of a large retail chain, and the larger cities have several= In England, ever city above a certain size has a Tesco supermarket and the larger cities have several |
| In an MDC, the demand for many types of services... | Produces regular connections among settlements |
| Despite the strong globalization trend clearly visible on the landscape, local diversity... | Local Diversity is alive and well in the provision of services= Within MDCs, fast-food restaurants may be located in every settlement, but other services cluster in particular locations (a settlement may offer a service not found in other settlements of comparable size) |
| What types of services do ALL places (MDCs and LDCs alike) offer? | Distinctive services that attract tourists and visitors |
