| A | B |
|---|
| active transport | movement of particles against a concentration gradient and requires the cell to use energy |
| atom | basic building blocks of matter |
| binary fission | a type of asexual reproduction in which a prokaryotic cell divides into two cells |
| carbohydrate | molecules that include sugars, starches, and fibers |
| cell | smallest functional and structural unit of all living organisms |
| cell membrane | a protective layer that covers a cell's surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell's environment |
| cellular respiration | the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food |
| cell wall | rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane |
| chloroplast | organelles where photosynthesis occurs |
| cytoplasm | the region enclosed by the cell membrane that includes the fluid and all the organelles of a cell |
| cytoskeleton | network of protein filaments that give shape and support the cells |
| diffusion | is the movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentrations |
| endocytosis | the process in which a cell uses energy to surround a particle and enclose the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell |
| endoplasmic reticulum | a system of membranes near the nucleus that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and the production of lipids |
| eukaryote | organism made up of cells that contain their DNA in a nucleus |
| exocytosis | when particles are enclosed in a vesicle and released from a cell |
| function | the activity of each part in an organism |
| golgi complex | the membrane bound organelle that packages and distributes materials |
| homeostasis | maintenance of an internal balance of conditions in a changing external environment |
| lipid | fat molecule |
| lysosome | contains digestive enzymes which break down worn out or damaged organelles. Only found in animal cells |
| mitochondrion | organelle in which cellular respiration occurs |
| mitosis | the chromosome copies are separated and the nucleus and cell divide to form two identical cells |
| molecule | group of atoms held together by chemical bonds |
| nucleic acid | molecule that carries information in cells |
| nucleus | membrane bound organelle |
| organ | a structure made up of a collection of tissues that carries out a specialized function |
| organelle | small body in a cell's cytoplasm that is specialized to perform a specific function |
| organism | any living thing |
| organ system | group of organs that work together to perform body functions |
| osmosis | diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane |
| passive transport | the movement of particles across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell |
| phospholipid | a lipid that contains phosphorus |
| photosynthesis | the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria make their own food |
| prokaryote | single celled organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles |
| protein | Amino Acids ( molecule made up of smaller molecules) |
| ribosome | organelle that makes proteins by putting together chains of amino acids using instructions encoded in the cell's DNA |
| structure | is the arrangement of parts in an organism or object |
| tissue | group of similar cells that perform a common function |
| vacuole | fluid filled vesicle found in the cells of most animals, plants, and fungi |
