| A | B |
|---|
| Schacter-Singer Two Factor | Have to cognitively appraise the arousal in order to experience emotion |
| Primary reinforcers | Things we need for survival including affection, food, liquid |
| Respondent behaviors | Occur as automatic responses to stimulus |
| Spontaneous recovery | Reappearance of a conditioned response which has been extinguished |
| Insight | Sudden flash of understanding or problem solving |
| Internal locus of control | We have control over our fate/destiny/future |
| External locus of control | Our future/fate/destiny is out of our hands |
| Modeling | The main method for learning language |
| Extinction | When a conditioned response fades away without any reinforcement being given |
| Association in classical conditioning | We learn to connect two or more events |
| Generalization | In conditioning we connect the CR to a similar, bt different stimulus |
| Long-term potentiation | Synaptic changes that transfer information and create memories |
| Implicit memory | Procedures that we do without thinking (riding a bike, turning on the car) |
| Memories | a combination of correct and incorrect information |
| Chunking | group together connected items so that they can be stored or processed as single concepts |
| Amygdala | Helps us remember things with strong emotional connections |
| Serial position effect | Primacy (remember 1st things) and Recency (remember latest things) |
| Context effects | Easier to remember things where you learned them |
| Ebbinghaus | Main memory researcher |
| Forgetting curve | We forget a lot right away, and then it levels off |
| Framing | How we phrase something changes our perception of it |
| Chomsky | We need exposure to language at an early age, but have a universal grammar mechanism |
| Prototype | The "usual" example of something (e.g. - NOT a giant chicken) |
| Fixation | Inability to see a situation/problem in a new way |
| Whorf | Linguistic determinism= language impacts how and what we think |
| Representative heuristic | How well something matches our expectation of it |
| Yerkes Dodson law | A moderate level of arousal leads to best performance |
| Glucose | Main energy source in your body |
| Pessimism | Correlated with increased coronary disease |
| Psychophysiological illnesses | Stress related physical illnesses |
| Psychoneuroimmunology | The study of the relationship between interaction between psychological processes and the nervous and immune systems of the human body |
| General Adaptation Syndrome | Alarm-Resistance-Exhaustion |
| Tend-befriend | Thought to be triggered by the release of oxytocin |
| Facial feedback effect/biofeedback | Just smiling can lift your mood (and frowning can lower it) |
| Low-road emotional pathway | Senses--thalamus--amygdala |
| James-Lange emotion theory | Emotion is a response to a physiological response |
| Hunger motivators | Groups of people, ghrelin release, cultural norms |
| Shaping | making approximations toward a goal and being rewarded with each approximation |
| Explicit memories | Rehearsal is necessary as well as intentional recall (e.g. tested facts) |
| Positive reinforcement | Given something to keep you doing a behavior |
| Negative reinforcement | Taking something away to encourage a behavior |
| Positive punishment | Administering some thing to stop an undesired behavior |
| Negative punishment | Taking away something desirable to stop an undesired behavior |
