| A | B |
|---|
| Extraction and cultivation | Involves obtaining products from nature or growing them using natural resources. |
| Processing | Involves changing and improving the form of raw materials. |
| Manufacturing | Involves combining raw materials and processed goods into finished products. |
| Mass production | Repetitive production through an assembly-line process that makes a large number of identical products. |
| Custom manufacturing | Making products to meet a particular design standard |
| Materials processing | Changing raw materials into another form to be consumed or to be used to make other products |
| Product development | Process of creating or improving the form of a product |
| Product research | Task performed by engineers & others to develop new products or to discover improvements for existing products |
| Product design | Involves creating prototypes or models & deciding on best possible design |
| Applied research | Research that studies existing products to develop design improvements or new product uses. |
| Pure research | Research done without a specific product in mind in order to discover new solutions to problems. |
| Production process | Activities, equipment, and resources needed to manufacture a product. |
| Personnel | Employees & skills needed for production |
| Production resources | Machines, tools, & other equipment needed for production |
| Inventory management | Accounts for a company's materials, supplies, and finished products. |
| Continuous Process Improvement | Method of increasing the quality of work by reducing errors, inefficiencies and waste. |
| Facilities management | Managing the buildings and land of a business and ensuring that everything is used, repaired, and running properly |
| Logistics | Managing the receiving, moving, and storing of supplies, materials, and finished products. |
| Scheduling | Managing work to be completed, the people who will complete the work, & the resources needed for completing the work. |
| Safety and security | Managing personnel being in place to prevent accidents and injuries to employees and customers as well to protect property. |
