| A | B |
|---|
| Subject | includes the noun or pronoun the sentence is about - along with all the modifiers that go with it |
| Simple Subject | the person or thing being described or doing the action; it will be a noun or pronoun |
| Compound Subject | two or more simple subjects that share a verb or verb phrase; joined by a conjunction (FANBOYS) |
| Predicate | Includes the verb or verb phrase plus all the words that give more information about it |
| Simple Predicate | the verb or verb phrase that tells what the subject is doing |
| Compound Predicate | Two or more verbs or verb phrases that tell what the subject is doing; joined together by a conjunction (FANBOYS) |
| Phrase | A group of words used as a sentence part. It does not have a subject or a verb. |
| Appositive Phrase | A noun or noun phrase that renames another noun right beside it |
| Clause | A group of words containing a subject and a verb |
| Dependent Clause | A group of words with a subject and a verb but does NOT express a complete thought; a fragment |
| Independent Clause | A group of words with a subject and a verb that DOES express a complete thought; a sentence |
| Coordinating Conjunctions | Joins together words, phrases or clauses; seven different kinds (FANBOYS): For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So |
| Run-on Sentences | Two or more independent clauses not joined together correctly |
| Comma Splices | Joining two independent clauses with only a comma |
| Sentence Fragments | Lacks a subject and/or a predicate and does not express a complete thought |
| Noun | a person, place, thing, or idea |
| Pronoun | takes the place of a noun or pronoun |
| Verb | an action or state of being |
| Linking Verb | links the subject to a word that describes the subject; shows NO action |
| Helping Verb | comes before the main verb to show: 1. A verbs tense (past; present; future) 2. To form a question 3. To create a negative word |
| Adjective | modifies a noun or pronoun |
| Adverb | modifies an adjective, verb, or another adverb |
| Preposition | connects nouns and/or pronouns to other words in the sentence; tells the "position" or location of the noun |
| Conjunctions | joins together words, phrases, and clauses |
| Interjections | added to a sentence to convey emotions |
| re- | again; back |
| in-; im-; ir-; il; | not; opposite of |
| en-; em- | cause to |
| non-; un-; dis- | not; opposite of |
| over- | too much; above |
| mis- | bad; wrong |
| sub- | under; lower |
| pre-; fore- | before |
| inter- | between; amoung |
| trans- | across |
| super- | above; beyond |
| semi- | half |
| anti- | against |
| mid- | middle |
| de- | decrease; opposite of |
| antecedent | a word, phrase, or clause that a pronoun can replace |
| personal pronoun | represents specific people or things based on the number, gender, case, and person |
| subjective pronoun | used as the subject of a phrase, clause, or sentence; it is BEFORE the verb. |
| objective pronoun | used as the object of the sentence; it is AFTER the verb in the complete predicate |
| possessive pronoun | shows ownership |
| reflexive pronoun | refers back to the subject and IS NEEDED to understand the meaning of the sentence |
| intensive pronoun | refers back to the subject and IS NOT NEEDED to understand the meaning of the sentence |
| demonstrative pronoun | points out a specific person, place, or thing |
| indefinite pronoun | DOES NOT point out a specific person, place, or thing |
| relative pronoun | used to connect a clause or a phrase to a noun or pronoun |
| interrogative pronoun | used when asking questions |
